Editor

Dr. O. P. Singh

Director of Agriculture

(Drop Husbandry

& Minor Irrigation)

Joint Editors

H. Thankhuma

Dy. Director of Agriculture

(Extension)

R. Zoramthanga

AAIO

Directorate of Agriculture

Cir. Manager

Laldinpuii

S.D.A.O

Zoram Loneitu-a

thu chhuah duh nei

emaw, lehkha thawn

duh emaw chuan a

hnuaia Address-ah

thawn tur a ni.

Editor

ZORAM LONEITU

P.O. Box – 098

Dte. of Agriculture,

Mizoram : Aizawl.

Pin - 796001

-1-

CONTENT

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

2003

1. Editorial …………………………………………………………………….…….. 2

2. Agriculture Minister hnena lawmthu sawina lehkha……..…. 3

- N. Vanlaiphai Co-operative Society Ltd.

3. Lehkhathawn……………………………………………………………...…….. 4

- Lalchungnungi, Secy., YMA Library Sub-Comt., Bethlehem Vengthlang

4. Thlai leh Thei kan hmuhte hming kan vuah dan……………..… 5

- H. Joela, S. O-Cum-S. A

5. Hnim thahna hlo hman ]angkai dan………………………………….. 8

- Rebecca Lalmuanpuii, Facilitator.

6. Balanced Diet for Mizo People…………………….…………….…….... 10

- P. Lalhmangaihzuala, C.D.P.O. Hnahthial.

7. Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan………………………………………………….…….17

- Lalhmachhuana, Asst. Project Co-ordinator, Dte. of School Education.

8. Vaimim Chi]ha, Suraj/K-235/K-216 chin dan……….…..……..…21

- J. Rothanga, SMS(SC)

9. Mau tam hi eng vang nge ?................................................................23

- Changkima, Zawlpui.

10. Mizo leh zing len…………………………………………………………………25

- A. G. Sailo. P.S to Agri. Minister.

11. IWDP zin report………………………………………………………….………26

- Laibata, College Veng, Kolasib.

12. Hmarchate chanchin leh Sawisak hlut dan…………….…………...27

- S. Rokhuma, President, FARMFED

13. Effect of long term use of organic and inorganic manures on

sustainable corp production………………………………..….…….….. 30

- Dr. K. Laxminarayana, ICAR, Kolasib, Mizoram

14. KEIMAHNI…………………………………………………………….…………… 33

EDITORIAL _______________________________________________

ihring te hi khawvela kan lo pian chhuah hlawt a]ang hian mahni kum phu ang

tawk zela mawhphurhna nei a, hlen tura Pathian siam kan ni. Nausen, Naupang, Rawlthar,

Nula leh Tlangval, Nu leh Pa leh Pitar Putar te pawh mahni mawhphurhna hlen lo chu

mipangai hnuailam, piangsual te an ni ]hin a. Mipangai te erawh chuan an tih tur

mawhphurhna ]ha takin an tiin, an hlen ]hin a ni.

Mizoram hi India ram State pakhat zing ami, State upa tehchiam lo leh ]hanglai, ]hang

zel tur, ei leh bar zawnna kawngah te, khawsakna chi tin reng mai ah te hmasawn a,

mawhphurhna lian tak nei a, hlen tura kal mek a ni a. Mi thawhchhuah sa ringa, innghat mai

lova; kan ram hlu tak leh ]ha tak mai ah hian ei leh bara kan lo intodelhna tura taimak

chhuah uar zual sauh sauh a ]ul a. Intodelh tur kan ni tih hria a ]an la, loneitu (farmers) eng

emaw zat te chuan hlawhtlinna duhawm tak pawh an nei mek a. A khua (village) anga ]an la

a, a khua mite Buh leh Bala intodelh te pawh an awm mek zel bawk a, chung zingah chuan

S.Sabual leh Kepran khua te hi an entawn tlakin, ram leh hnam tana an mawhphurhna hlen

a, intodelh ]hin khua te an ni. Kan ram leilung hlu tak, eng thlai pawh ]hat theihna hmun hi

kan hman ]angkaia kan mawhphurhna hlen tura theihpatawp a ]an kan lak chhoh zel a

]ulin, a pawimawh tak tak a ni. Lo neih dan ]ha zir thiam tawh (Agriculture mithiam) te leh

loneitu (farmers) te inbe pawp reng a, kan kal chhoh zel pawh a pawimawh em em bawk.

Chutianga kan awm theihna turin M.I.P Scheme-ah pawh hian ruahmanna ]ha tak siam mek

a ni a. Kan hnathawh phu tawk ang zel a; Sawrkar ]anpuina lak tur a nih angin, Loneitu

(Farmers) keimahni lam kan dik lo anih chuan kan dik lohna te pawh pawm ngamin insiam

]hat tum ila. Sawrkar lam a thawktu - Agriculture mithiamte pawh hian kan thiamna hi ram

leh hnam tan, loneitute (farmers) tan hmang ]angkai zel ila. Pamham lo takin leh dik takin

hna thawh chhunzawm zel nise.

Sawrkar policy te hi a lo hlawhtlin ngei theihna turin i ]ang tlang thiam chho zel ang

u. Hnam zahawm, hnam ropui, state entawn tlak kan lo nih theihna turin, Nausen, Naupang,

Tleirawl, Nula leh Tlangval, Nu leh Pa leh Pitar Putarte hian ei leh bara kan lo intodelh thuai

theihna turin kan mawhphurhna ]heuhte i hlen ang u.



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AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

To,

The Hon’ble Minister,

Agriculture & Minor Irrigation, etc.

Govt of Mizoram, Aizawl.

Subject : LAWMTHU SAWINA.

Ka pu,

}hangkhat lian zet a]anga nghakhlel taka kan lo thlir ]hin leh Sawrkar-ah pawh vawi

duailo kan lo thlen tawh, mahse, beidawnna chauh lo chu hmuh leh hriat tur awm si lo, kan

WRC chei ]hat (Land Improvement) kan mamawhzia i hnena vawi khat chiah kan rawn

thlen chu May 2002 thla khan Agriculture Department chuan khawl chakna hmangin

chhungkua 11 (eleven) WRC-te chu min cheisak ta a.

He min duhsakna a]ang hian kumin 2002-ah Buh ]in 240(tin zahnih sawmli) ]in thum

dawnga tehin, phur 80 (phur sawmriat) the meuh chu kan thar belh nghal a . Hei aia tam

buh thar belh tur kan nih laiin, khawl hmanga min thawhsakte hi duhthusamin kan tirual

thei rih lova; Tin, a ]hen laiah, lei chhia a tam rih avang te, a ]hen laiah lei]ha a tam lutuk

avang tein huh hmin a ]ha lova, fertilizers kan neih loh avang te a ni bawk a. Kum dangah

chuan hlawk zawka buh kan thar belh zel kan beisei.

I hnena kan rawn thlen tawh angin kan WRC-te hi kan Pi leh Pu, Nu leh pate'n,

anmahni chherchawp (local made) Tuthlawh-lian, Hreipui leh Chempui te chauh, hmanrua

neih lai leh Sawrkar ]anpuina chengkhat pawh dawng lova, Kum 1900 a]anga ]anin 341 Ha.

a zau an lo siam puitling a ni a. Hun lo kal zelah keimahni practical work experienced a]anga

kan hmuh chhuah kan WRC bial finkhawm leh chei ]hat a]anga buh hlawk zawka thar theih

anih dan te kan hmuchhuak zel a, amaherawhchu, keimahni tha chakna (man power)

ringawt chuan kan duhthusamin kan chei thei lova, beidawng mai lova thawk zelin dam rei

loh phah nan te pawh kan hmang bawk. Tin, kan WRC-te hi kum 1900 a]anga vawiin ni

thleng hian, hnam dang kuta dah ve lovin keimahni ngaiin kan la thawk zel a, a hlawkna

pawh kan tel zel bawk a ni.

I hnena kan rawn thlen tawh ang bawkin, N. Vanlaiphai WRC (zau dang tiam lovin)

341 Ha. Zet chu khawl hmanga siam ]hat ngai kan nei a. Tichuan, 11 Ha. Min chei sak tawh

a]ang hian 229 Ha.chu chei ]hat ngai kan la nei ta a ni. Tuna Buh kum tin kan thar dan

tlangpui (4600 Qtls.) anih mek laiin, kan WRC chei ]hat ngai te hi duhthusama chei ]hat anih

chuan leh Bial finkhawm/chei ]hat a]anga buh thar hlawk dan kan lo hriat tawh a]anga

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

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chhutin kan WRC ]hei that ngai te hi thawh zawh anih hunah chuan, a tlem berah kum tin

buh 3500 qtls. kan thar belh thei ngei dawn a, tin, kum tin 2000 qtls. vel zet chu hralh

chhuah tur kan nei thei dawn a ni. Hei mai hi a ni lova, Zoram chhungah tlangsang lai neitu

dangte aia, N. Vanlaiphai WRC-ah hian tui a tam avangin Thlasik leh }hal Thlai tam tham tak

kan thar chhuak thei dawn bawk a ni.

Keini, kut hnathawka eizawngtu, mi hnuaihnung zawkte, ]awngka leh hmui chauhva

min lainattu ni lova, thinlung taka min veitu zarah, buh hei zozai mai kan thar belh ta hi

(Thingtlangpa tan chuan, buh phur sawm chauh pawh hlu tak anih mek laiin) Nang leh i

thawhpui, Director Agriculture & Minor Irrigation Deptt. leh a thawhpui fak thlak tak takte

chungah LAWMTHU kan han sawi leh a. He kan LAWMTHU tlawm tak hi, Zoram hmun

hrang hranga kan kut hna thawh puite'n, zau zawka min lo hriatsakna turin tlangzarh ni thei

se kan duh em em a ni.

Pathianin Awmpuiin Malsawm zel che rawh se.

I rintlak

Sd/- F. LIANTLUANGA Sd/- LALTHANMAWIA SAILO

Secretary Chairman

N. Vanlaiphai Farming Cooperative Society Limited : N. Vanlaiphai

To,

The Editor

Zoram Loneitu

Mizoram, Aizawl.

Subj. : Lawmthu sawina leh ngenna

Ka pu,

In chanchinbu ngaihnawm tak Zoram Loneitu hi kan lo hmuin kan lo chhiar ve ]hin a,

Library enkawltute leh vengchhung mipui ten bengvarthlak kan tiin kan ]angkaipui tak

meuh a ni. Editorial Board leh Deptt. Chungah Bethlehem Vengthlang YMA Library hmingin

lawmthu ka han sawi e. Copy min rawn thawn chhunzawm zel thei ula kan va ti em!

Ka lawm e.

I rintlak,

Sd/- LALCHUNGNUNGI

Secretary

YMA Library Sub-Committee

Bethlehem Vengthlang Branch, Aizawl.

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

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THLAI LEH THEI KAN HMUHTE HMING KAN VUAH DAN

By: H. Joela

S.O-Cum-S.A

an chenna khawvel hi mithiam

leh taima te zarah awlsam

takin kan intlawhpawh thei ta a. Mihringte

finna a lo pung chho zel a, chu chuan thil

pakhat kalpui a nei zel a. Chu thil chu, kan

ngaihven ngai loh tak mai, “Ei tur chi thar

hriat belh” hi a ni. Hnam fing apiangin eitur

an hre hnem a, an hmuh chhuah belh zel

bawk a. Keini Zofate pawh hian kum za

hmalamah kha chuan tuna thlai kan

hmelhriat ho chanve pawh hi kan pi leh

pute khan an hmelhriat ka ring lo. Hei hi a

dik ngei a ni tih lantirtu chu hming a]ang

hian a ni. Hmakhawsang a]anga kan lo

enkawl hote hi chu an hming phuah dan

kan sawi thei hauh lo ang. Amaherawhchu,

tuna kan thlai chinte hi an hming i han bih

chiang dawn ang u hmiang. An hming

a]anga hian kan lo chin ve reng a ni lo tih a

hriat theih mai awm e. Kan thupuia kan luh

hma lawkin thawnthu pakhat kan sawi leh

lawk teh ang. Hmakhawsanga kan rama

hun danglam tak mai rawn inher chhuah,

“Thlanrawkpa khuangchawi” chanchin hi

kan hre ]heuh hlawmin ka ring. A

thawnthu kalhmang han en hian hetih

hunlai hian hnam leh khawtlang nun a

chhiain kil tin a]angin mi ]hahnemngai ten

mipui nun dan dik lo her rem tumin

engemaw hun thar, Sap-in Revolution an

tih mai awm tir tumin hma an rawn la ni

ngaiin a lang. Chu chuan thlanrawkpa

khuangchawi tih thawnthu hi a rawn hring

chhuak a nih ka ring tlat pek a nih chu. A

duh duhin min lo nuihzat mai ula, ka hawlo

tawp ania. Ka rin dan a ni ve miau mai a. He

thlanrawkpa khuangchawi lai hian nikhat

chu Laikingin Chairman nihna a chan ni tak

mai chuan, U]awk (Toad) hian a agenda

(thu ngaihtuah tur) a put luh chu an sawiho

ni tur a ni a. U]awk chu a rawn dingchhuak

a, a agenda chu a han chhiarchhuak ta a.

U]awk chuan, “Mizote hi an felin mi an duat

a, min tina duh bawk silo. Chuvangin ka

han sawt kual thauh thauh anga. Vawithum

ka sawh kualna huam chhungah chuan an

khamkhawp buh thlo chhuak rawh se” a ti

a. Midang hote pawh chuan Mizote chu

Chutiang takin U]awk chungah an lo fel a ni

tih an lo hre mang hlek lo mai a. U]awk Bill

put luh chu pass pui an remti vek a. Mahse,

House Leader leh Chairman ni bawk,

Laiking ngaihdan a ni bau lo mai a. Ring

taka dawhkan chumri chungin a rawn

dingchhuak a. A ]hut hmunah pawh ]hu

thei lova vei vei pah chuan, “Kei chuan in

thu hi ka pawm ve thei lo. Mizote hi U]awk

sawi ang kha an ni lo. An pawi ka sawi

K

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

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miah lo pawhin min hua a, min vawm an

tum vek ringawt mai. Kan nihphung tura

vanhrikah min siam sakte lah chu, mi

rinawmlote sawi nan, 'Lehlam awrdum a

lehlama awrsen' tiin an chil min

chhakkhum zui a. Vawiin a kan rorel tur

pawh ka lo kal thei lo ]ep a ni. Chuvangin

U]awk Bill (Agenda) rawn put luh hi ka

sawifel dawn chuan hetiang hi ni zawk

rawh se. Ka awm mai mai pawh dawta min

puh a, min vawm ]hintu Mizote hian, helai

thinglerah hian ka han bawk anga, ka mitin

a hmuh theih tawk huam chhungah an

khamkhawp buh thlo chhuak zawk rawh

se" a ti ta a. He thlanrawkpa

khuangchawiah hian a chairman apiang hi

a lalber an ni si a. Hei vang hian kan pi pu

a]ang tawh khan Buh khamkhawp thlo

chhuak tur chuan thlawhhma lak zauh

angai a ni an tih chu. U]awk duh dan hi

tlang se chuan a ]hat hmel viau a, mahse,

chhiatna a thlen hnem zawk ang. Laiking

chairman ni leh an thu ngaihtuah hi chu

keini Mizote hian kan hlawkpui zia kan la

hre phalo zawk niin ka hre ]hin. Hnam

finghote chuan, "Agriculture tello chuan

culture (hnam nunphung) a awm thei lo"

an tih chu. Vawiin ni thlenga hnamdang

hriata kan awmna chhan pawh hi kan

thlawhhma lak hi a bul tumtu lian ber a ni.

Awle, kan thupuiah khan lo lut ]an tawh ila.

Tunlai kan thlai ei hnem ber pawl sawi ngai

lovin kan hriat mai a]ang hian i lo ]an dawn

teh ang.

Alu : Hei hi vaiho hmingphuah kan

]awmpui ve ta mai a ni. A chin pun thuah

chuan 1947 hmalamah khan uar takin

Sapho khan min chin tir a, a sul sutu chu an

ni chiang khawp mai.

Anthur (Lakher Anthur) : Anthur sen chi

hi Lakher rama an uar em avangin Lakher

Anthur kan ti a. Anni erawh chuan ‘Kawl

Anthur' an ti thung.

Ankasa : Kan ei hian a hiar deuh a, hei

vang hian Ankasa tih hi kan put tir ta a ni.

Ba saike : Saike a an em avangin Basaike

kan ti mai a ni.

Vaimim : Hei hi Vaiho a]anga nei kan nih

avangin Vaimim kan ti ta mai a ni ang. Mim

pangai chu kan neih ve hi.

Kawlbahra: Burma (Kawl) ram a]anga kan

châwk luh anih avangin Kawlbahra kan ti a

ni. Bahra pangai chu kan neih hi.

Kawlthei : Hei pawh hi Burma lam a]anga

kan neih anih avangin Kawlthei kan ti a ni.

Theihai: Tunlaia Theihai rah lian chi leh

thar hma chi sawi nan "Kum thum hai" tihte

hi kan hmang ]hin a. Ka hriat tirh chuan

kumthum a hai ]hin (rah lovin a awm ]hin)

emaw ka ti a. Theihai hi kan hriat angin rah

kum leh rah loh kum a nei a. Chuvangin,

Theihai (rah loh kum nei ]hin thei) ti a

vuah kan ni. Kumtinin a zar chikim hian a

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AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

rah thei lova. A chhan chu, kumtina rah tur

hian a kung hi a inseam puitling hman ]hin

loh vang a ni. Kan hriat ]heuh angin

Theihai hi National Fruit of India (India

ramin "Ram Thei " tia a vuah) anih avangin

a chanchin hi ka zir hle mai a. Zoram

Loneitu chhuak leh ah kimchang deuh takin

a chanchin rawn tarlan kan tum ang a.

Ngaihthlak tham a awmin, Mizoram hi a

neitu tur niawm tak kan nih laiin,

Lalruanga leh Zangkaki inhmuh thiam loh

avanga Lalruanga dawibur tuiin a len thlak,

vai hovin an chhar avanga dawi min thiam

khalh ta ang deuh khan, kan at a leiah

Vairam a]angin kan la lut leh ta chauh a nih

hmel khawp mai.

Sap Bawkbawn : Kan Zosap hote khan

Tomato hi an rawn keng lut a. Bawkbawn a

an em avangin Sap Bawkbawn kan ti mai

]hin a. Tun hnu hian Tomato hi chu kan

hmang ve chauh zawk a ni.

Zawng]ah : Hei hi Manipur a]anga kan

lakluha ni ang. Manipur ho khian an

ngaisangin an roh em em a. Zawng]ah tiin

an lam ]hin. Hemi zulzui hian Zawng]ah

kan ti ve ta mai a ni. Anni erawh chuan

chhum thih emaw sahriaka kan emaw lo

chuan an ei meuh lo niin ka hria.

Iskut : Kan pu Chhurbura kha pa kawm

kan tih loh vek pawhin ram leh hnam

hmangaihtu ropui tak a niin a lang. Kan

]awng upa pakhatah chuan "Chhura umpui

mu hriat" tih a awm a. Kan pu Chhura khan

"Ka umpui chuan mu pakhat chauh a nei" a

ti ]hin a. Han ngaihtuah vang vangin Iskut

lo hi chu han puhthluk tur a awm lo.

Nimahsela, Pu Chhura khan tumah a hrilh

duh lova. A ro phumruk chu tumah hrilh

lovin thlanah a liampui ta mai si a. Lo

]awngtam deuh sela chuan Iskut hi kan

ram chhuak a ni ngei ang. Mahse,

vanneihthlak takin Kum 1950 bawr velah

Mizoramah rawn lut lehin Sapho-in Squash

an tih, Vaihovin Iskuash an tih zulzuiin

Iskut kan lo ti ve ta mai a ni. Kan ram

chhuak anih zia lantir nan, ram zawla ]ha

ve thei miah lo, kan ramah erawh ]ha duh

em em a nihna hi a finfiahna pawm tlak a ni

chiang bal e.

Zikhlum : A pian hmang a]anga Zikhlum ti

kan ni.

Parbawr : Hengte pawh hi a kung pian

hmang a]anga an hming hi pek an ni.

Bulbawk : Hengte pawh hi a kung pian

hmang a]anga an hming hi pek an ni.

Bulbial (Turnip) : Hengte pawh hi a kung

pian hmang a]anga an hming hi pek an ni.

Khanghu : A kung pian hmang hrui leh

thing inkar a mi ho hi "Khang" kan ti a, A

rim a nat deuh avang hian, "Khanghu" kan

ti ta mai a ni. Khangpawl te nen hian family

khat nimahse Khanghu suak ti pawhin kan

lam ngai loh hi.

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AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

HNIM THAHNA HLO HMAN }ANGKAI DAN

Rebecca Lalmuanpuii

Facilitator, Directorate of Agriculture

Hnim kan han tih hian kan buhbal leh thlai te dipdaltu hnawk sak leh ngaihmawhawm a

ni tih kan hre tlang awm e. Mizoram hi tlangram anih angin kan thlawhma lakna a kan harsatna

ber chu hlo thlawh hi a ni. Thawk thei deuh chhungkua chuan Thlawhma pawh an nei zau nge

nge ]hin. Buhbal thar hlawk tur chuan a dipdaltu Hlo leh Hnim te ngun taka thlawhfai a ngai

]hin a ni. Thlawhma lakna kawngah hian kan tha leh zung tam ber te hi Hlo thlawh nan kan

hmang deuh ber a ni.

Thlawhma thlawh hneh leh hneh loh a

zirin Buhbal thar pawh a hlawkin a hlawk lo

]hin tih hai rual a ni lo. India hmarchhak

State te hi a tam zawk chu Tlangram a ni a,

kan thlawhma lakna pawh Fur tui (South

West Monsoon) a innghat kan ni a. Kan Buh

leh Thlai te an lo ]hangduang a, chutih rualin

a dipdaltu hnim te pawh an lo ]hangduang ve

bawk a, kan buaina ber ni a lang ta chu, hlo

thawh hi a ni ta a ni.

Agiculture Science lama hmasawnnain

a kentel te zingah Mihring tha ngawt kan

hmang lova, Damdawi(Chemical) hmanga hlo

thawh uar a lo ni chho ta zel a, hlo emaw

hnim emaw nungchang leh ziarang a zirin

chutiang hlo thahna (Herbicide) emaw

(Weedicide) chi hrang hrang siamchhuah an

lo ni ta a ni. Mahse, heng hi a vai chuan kan

sawi seng rihlo ang a, hman lar zual deuh

deuh te a tlangpui lo sawi ila:

1. Phenoxy acids: He mi hnuaiah hian 2,4-D,

2, 4-DES, 2,4,5-T, 2,4,5-TP, MCPD, MCPP te an

ni a, heng ho hi Wheat, Vaimim, Jowar, Bajra,

Fu, Be lam thlai chi hrang hrang chinna

hmunah hnim tih ral nan hman a ni. He

damdawi hi hnim ]o tir te te ah dahin a hnim

]hanglai tidanglamin sin te te in a ]hang a, a

zung leh a kung ]hang tur dangin a hnah

]hang tur te titawpin a tawpah chuan a thi

]hin.

2. Aliphatic acid: Hemi hnuaia TCA

(Trichloroacetic acid) hi hnah nei hlai lo leh

hlobet hnim Fu, Tomato, Zikhlum, Parbawr

chinna hmun hnim tih rem nana hman a ni.

Dolopan - Bed weed, Radopan, Unipon,

Dowpon, emaw ti a hriat lar hi be lam leh alu

te chinna hmuna hlobet tih rem nana hman a

ni. Heng damdawi te hi hlobet(grass) kan tih

ang chi te tan a ]ha a ni.

3. Carbamate compounds : Hemi hnuaiah

hian Propham IPC, Chloropham, Epetam,

Barban, Terbutal te an ni a, heng hlo hi thlai

engpawh chinna hmunah hnim tih rem nan

hman a ni.

4. Atrazine compounds : Hemi hnuaiah hian

Simazine, Atrazine, Propazine, Atatone,

Gramatone leh Promatryne te hi a lar zual an

ni a, heng hi Vaimim, Fu leh Lakhuihthei

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AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

chinna hmunah te a hman theih a ni. He hlo

hian hnim emaw thlai kunga starch leh

sucrose a hnah a insiam tur a dan bakah,

boruak chhuak tur leh

C

o

2

kal vel a dang a, he

hlo a hnim kah hian a thi vat ]hin.

5. Substituted Urea: Hemi hnuaiah hian

Monouron, Diuron, Butaron leh chleroxuron

hi a langsar zual a ni a, he hlo hian êngzung

a]anga chaw insiam tur a dang a, hlobet a thi

vat ]hin. He hlo hi, Bekang, Alu, La,

Lakhuihthei, Grape leh Fu te chinna hmunah

hman a ni.

Heng kan tarlan te hi Mizoramah kan

hre lar tehchiam lo mai thei a, Mizorama hlo

thahna kan hman lar zual deuh i lo thlur bing

leh ila:

1. Glycel 41% : Glyphosate ti a hriat lar.

Mizoten kan hriat lar dan chuan Di hlo kan ti

a, a nihna takah chuan hnah nei chi leia ]o

zawng thahna a ni ber zawk a ni. Di hlo ti a

kan hriat lar angin Di kan kah dawn chuan

heng point 3 lek te hi hre hmasa ila a ]ha

awm e.

1. Mithiamten a pawlh dan tawk min

hrilh anga tui nena pawlh.

2. Kan kah tur hlo a bik tak Di kung

chu a ]handuan lai bera kah a ]ha

ber.

3. Kah a]anga a tlem berah darkar 5 tal

khua a ]ha tur a ni.

He Di hlo Glyphosate hmanna hmunah

chuan a kah fuh apiang kha zawi te te a

]awihhral tur a ni a, chuvangin thei leh

thlaite kah tel loh a ]ha. He hlo thahna hi hlo

chak tak thawk muang tak a kah fuh tawh a

hnah hmawr a]anga a zung te ber thlenga

suasam chi a ni a, chuvangin, systemic

weedicide ti a hriat hlawh a ni. A thawh

chhung a muan avangin hmang ve ngailote

chuan thawk chaklo an ti mai ]hin a.

Amaherawh, chu ni 20 a ral meuh chuan a

chak zia a lang chiang ]hin

2.

2. 2,4-D(Sodium salt): Hei hi mimir in a kan

hriat lar dan chuan Hnahbial Hlo tih a ni a,

]henkhat ve thung chuan Changel hlo an ti

bawk. He hlo hi Bazar ah Taficide emaw

Feboxone emaw Weedol tiin emaw an zuar.

He hlo hian hruizam heng – Japan Hlo, Sazuk

nghawng hlap leh hling nei chi ho kah nan a

]angkai hle.

Hlo thahna chi hrang hrang kan

tarlang ta a, hman hun leh hmanna hmun nei

riau an ni vek a ni. }henkhat chuan an

vaihma laiin a ]henin hlo chi bing deuh bik an

ti thi thei a ni. Hun chep tak karah chuan

chipchiar taka sawi zawh sen chi a ni lova, a

hmaa tarlan tak Glyphosate leh 2,4,-D-te hi

kan han sawi tak pahnih te kha kan lo

chulnelin kan hmang thiam tawh viau niin a

lang a, amaherawhchu, thil man to an ni tih

hre rengin a pawlh dan turte a hmandante

leh thil pawimawh dangte hetiang lama

mithiamte rawn taima turin chhiartute ka

chah duh in ka ngen e.

- 9 -

-

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

BALANCE DIET FOR MIZO PEOPLE

By P. Lalhmangaihzuala

C.D.P.O. Hnahthial

Kan taksa mamawh tawk chaw]ha ei leh in hi kan hriselna atan thil pawimawh hmasa ber

leh hriselna lungphum pawimawh ber a ni. Taksa mamawh phuhruk tawk tur chaw]ha kan ei

chuan taksa a lo ]hain a lo chak a, natna a do let chak a, kan lo hrisel ]hin a ni. Taksa mamawh

tawk kan ei loh erawh chuan tlakchham natna chi hrang hrang kan nei ]hinin kan taksa a lo

chak tawk lova, hrileng a do chak lova, kan hrisel ]ha thei lo ]hin a ni. Chuvang chuan

Mizo zingah hian a tam zawk chuan

kan taksa mamawh tawk chaw]ha kan ei

phak loh avang leh ei nachang kan hriat loh

avangin engemaw tlakchham natna chi

hrang hrangte kan neiin kan taksa a chak

tawk lovin kan hrisel lova, chutih laiin tam

tak erawh chuan kan taksa mamawh tawk

tur aia tam kan ei avanga natna chi hrang

hrang a hrinchhuah-Zunthlum, Thisen sang,

Lungna etc. te avangin kan lo bawrhsawm

phah ve thungin kan lo boralpui ve mek

bawk a. Hetiang hi a nih avangin mitin ten

kan chhungkaw phak tawk ]heuhvah kan

taksa in a mamawh tawk chi hrang hrangte

ei kan zir thiam a pawimawh hle a, chutiang

taksa mamawh tawk chi hrang hrang

chaw]ha inbuk tawk chu tuna kan thupui

sawi tum ber “Balanced Diet” kan tih chu a

ni.

Tunlai khawvel hmasawnna ]hang

chho zelah sum leh pai lakluh tam leh ngah

ringawt hi hmasawnna tluantling a ni ta

lova, kan khawsakna tih changkanna, kan

taksa mamawh leh ]hatpui tur chi leh bar

ngaihtuah thiamte hi hmasawnna

pawimawh tak a ni ta. Chutiang ang taksa

tana ]ha leh hrisel chaw]ha inbuk tawk

chuan mihring a lo tihriselin vun a lo mam

mawiin hmel a lo ti]ha ]hin a. Hmel]hat hi

mi zawng zawngin kan duh vekin mahni

tawk ]heuhvah hmel]hat dan kawng

engemaw tal chuan kan ngaihtuah ru ]heuh

awm e. Hmeichhiate phei chuan hmel]hat hi

an tum nasa lehzualin an hmel lan ]hat

lehzual nan hmaihnawih chi hrang hrang

man to tak takin an lei ]hin a, sum tam tak

an khawhral phah ]hin. }henkhat chu taksa

leh vun mamawh tawk tur chaw]ha inbuk

tawk tawn kan tih ang chi kha an ngaihtuah

chuan loh avangin an hmel, vun leh ti tituai a

]hain a nalh thei chuang si lova, a

chunglamah hmaihnawih chi hrang hrang an

bel tam poh leh an hnawih hil nasa zualin an

beh tlûk mai a, hmai a tizûr/tichuar nasa

zualin a titar hma ting mai ni te pawhin a

lang.

Hnam changkang zawkte chuan an

taksa hrisel nan leh an hmel, tituai ]hat zawk

nan hian ei leh in hi an ulukin an ngai

pawimawh em em a, keini Mizote zingah

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

- 10 - -

chuan a tam zawkte hi chuan kan hmuh

theih ang ang leh kan hmaa lo chhuak ang

chi chi kan ei bawrh bawrh zel mai a,

engemaw chenah chuan hei hi a awlsam a, a

]hat ve viau laiin tunlai khawvel ]hangchho

zelah chuan kan ei leh in turte hi kan taksa

hrisel zawkna tur leh kan hmelte pawh a lo

]hat lehzual zawk theihna tur ang chi tur

atan kan buatsaih thiam a ngai ve ta hlein

kan ngaihtuahnate pawh kan sen a ]ul ta hle

mai. Chaw]ha kan han tih hian tam tak

chuan kan lo huphurh sa mai ang e. Chaw]ha

han tih hian mi tam tak rilruah chuan sa leh

eitur man to tak tak chi hi a lo lang nghal

ang tih ka hlau deuhva, sa man to tak tak ai

maha tlawm zawk leh hrisel ]ha zawk bawk,

awlsam te a kan hmuh theih si ]henkhat a

]hat dan kan hriatchian tawk loh avang leh a

nachang kan hriat loh vanga kan ei mumal

mang loh te pawh a awm nual awm e. Chung

ang chite chu a tlangpuiin lo sawi dawn ila-

Bekang (Soya Bean) hi mithiamten an

sawi dan chuan thil chikhat kan eiah chuan

taksa tana ]hatna ngah ber a nih bakah

thisen thau siamtu (Cholesterol) pai ve lo a

ni. Chinese, Japanese leh Korean hote khi

chuan a ]hatna an hriatchian em avangin an

uar hle a, siam tui dan chi hrang hrang an

dap a, chhang, hnute (milk), Dawi (curd) leh

thil dang dangah an siamin an chaw ei

apiangin siam dan chikhat tal chuan an ei tel

deuh ziah ]hin an ti. Hmanlai kan pi/pu te

pawh khan Bekang ]hatna kha an lo hre

tawh ]hin "Bekang chhang ei chuan Sai bung

an pu zo" an lo ti hial ]hin a, tunah erawh

chuan bekang chhang hi kan siam ta ngai

lovin a hrisel nep ber zawngin kan um ta

deuh ringawt mai a, bekang hi uar lehzuala

china siam dan kawng dap chhuah leh a ]ha

hle mai.

Tin, kan thlai hnah hring thar chhuah

An]am, Behlawi, Maian, Zikhlum etc. te hi

harsa vak lova kan hmuh theih leh Vitamin

leh Mineral kan taksa tana pawimawh tak

tak hmuh theihna ni si te an ni a, nitin

thlaihnah hring engemaw ber tal ei tum

hram tur a ni. Thlairah lam Bean, Behlawi,

Mai, Sam]awk, Changkha te pawh hi harsa

lutuk lem lova kan hmuh theih leh kan

tharchhuah theih Vitamin leh Mineral pai

tam ve bawk si te pawh hi nitina a engemaw

ber tal chu ei tel ]hin a pawimawh hle bawk.

Heng thlaihnah hring leh thlairah lam hian

Carbohydrate, fat leh Protein an pai tlem

avangin thau lutuk te, thisen sang leh

zunthlum neite tan ei tam a ]ha hle bawk a

ni. Mai hian Carotene (taksaa vitamin A a

chang thei) a pai tam hle in kan lovah leh In

bul huanah te pawh harsa vak lova kan neih

theih chi anih avangin uar lehzuala chin a ei

a ]ha hle. Mahse, Thingtlang lamah hian kan

tharchhuah tam deuh vang nge kan hlut lo

deuh ringawtin a lang a, India ram khawpui

lianah te phei chuan a ]hatna an hriatchian

avangin an hlutin a man pawh a to ang reng

hle a, bazarah te pawh a pum chuan lei mai

ngam a nih meuh loh avangin a phelin 1 kg.

ang te tea siama zawrh a ni tlangpui ]hin.

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

- 11 -

-

Mizorama harsa vak lova kan thar leh

hmuh mai theih Bal, Pangbal, Kawlbahra,

Alu te hian Carbohydrate an pai hnem

avangin chakna thahrui min petu atan an

]angkai hle a, Kuthnathawktu tan phei chuan

an pawimawhin uar lehzuala china ei atan a

]ha hle bawk. Mizote hian thei ]hatna hi kan

la hre tawk lo deuh fo in a lang a, kan ei vêk

pawhin hriselna atan ai mahin kamramah

kan ei deuh ber niin a lang. Thei chi hrang

hrang kan hmuh Serthlum, ser chi hrang

hrang, Sunhlu, Kawlthei, Apple leh Grape-te

hian Vitamin C an pai tam tlangpui hle a,

mahse, thei tui ]ha leh manto Apple leh

Grape-te hian helaia awlsam taka kan hmuh

Sunhlu, Kawlthei te ai hian chakna an pai

tam chuang lo hle a, entirnan, Apple leh

Grape-te chuan Gram za zelah Vitamin C

1mg. ve ve chauh an pai laiin Sunhlu chuan

Vitamin C 600 mg. Kawltheiin 212 mg. lai an

pai thung a. Chuvang chuan helaia awlsam

taka kan hmuh theih Sunhlu te hi a hlut zia

hriain a vawn]hat dan te pawh hi ngaihtuah

a ]ha hle mai. Thingfanghma leh theihai

hmin hian Carotene an ngah hle bawk a,

Balhla hi kan ramah kan uarin a ]ha duh

bawk si a, chakna thahrui min pe tam a,

naupang chaw atan te pawh a ]ha hle. Nitin

thei chikhat tal hi ei theih a ]ha hle a,

naupang hmawmsawm kan lei sak te hian

Sweet, Chocolate aia heng thei chi engemaw

tal hi lei sak ching zawk ila an ]hatpui zawk

hle tih nu leh pa ten i hre thar leh ang u.

Be lam chi-Dailuah, Chana, Bekang,

Bepui, Bete te hian Protein an pai tam hle a,

a tlangpuiin gram za zelah 20-25 an pai

deuh ber a, Mizovin kan tharchhuah be chi

hrang hrangte bakah hian Dailuah te hi a

]hain mitin ten harsa lutuk vak lova hmuh

theih anih avangin "Mirethei te sa"

(Poorman's Meat) an lo tih mai ]hin ve a ni a,

kumtluanin hmuh theih anih bawk avangin a

]ha hle a ni.

Kan taksain a mamawh chaw]ha chi

hrang hrang kan sawi te bakah tui hi kan

taksain a mamawh pawimawh ber a ni. Kan

taksa rih zawng za zela 60-70 vel hi tui hlir a

ni. Kan taksa bung hrang hrang hnathawh

tinreng atan hian tui hi a pawimawh em em

vek a, nitina kan hnathawh tinreng atan hian

tui hi a pawimawh em em vek a, nitina kan

zun leh ek, thlan leh thâwk chhuah ah hian

kan taksa a]angin tui a chhuak reng a, chumi

phuhruk leh zel tur chuan tui tam tawk kan

in a pawimawh hle a, nitin tui thianghlim no

6-8 (1

𝟏

𝟐

-2 litres) vel in ngei tum tur a ni.

Tlangram chhehvel-ah phairam

leilung ang lovin kan taksaa tuihnang

(hormone) pawimawh tak siamtu Iodine a

tlem ]hin avangin Mizoram leilung, tui leh

thlaiah pawh Iodine hi kan mamawh tawk

ang a awm zo lo hle a ni. Kan ei leh ina

Iodine hi a tlem lutuk chuan kan awrbel

(Thyroid Gland) hian kan Iodine ei chhun

chhun kha hman ]angkai tumin tan a lo la

nasa Ihle a, amah kha a lo ]hanglian ta ]hin a,

chu chu Awrpuar kan tih hi a ni. Awrpuar hi

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

- 12 -

-

a langah a mawi lo satliah mai ni lovin a

langsar lo lamah pawi nasa tak a khawih

zawk avangin a ngaih pawimawh awm hle a

ni.

Nu, naupai laiin Iodine hi a tlakchham

chuan nauchhiat, nau thisaa piang, hlamzuih

a awm tir thei a, naute dama a pian pawhin a

thluak ]han a thu a, ]hangthei lo, rilru lam

leh taksa lama rualbanloin an lo awm phah

]hin a. Kan mamawh Iodine kan hmuh

theihna awm chhun ber chu Iodine chi ei hi a

ni a, mi ]henkhatin Iodine chi an ei avanga

thak nei ]hin nia an inhriat hi belhchian

dawllo a ni a, a man tlêmin to deuh mahse,

engmah tham tak tak a ni lo bawk a, a bik

takin Hnahthial leh a chhehvel tlangsang

a]anga tui in tur la ho te phei chuan Iodine

chi hi ei ngei ngei tur a ni. Kan hriat tur tak

erawh chu Iodine hi a bo awlin a chhe hma

em em a, chuvang chuan Iodine chi chu bur

phui takah ro ]ha taka dah a ]ul a, emaw a

bur phui lo emaw anih chuan Iodine hi a bo

thei a, chawhmeh kan al pawhin a hmin

dawnah chauh telh a ]ha. Chutilo chuan

chawhmeh so hu-ah khan a kal ral thei.

Chaw]ha kan han sawi takte bakah

khan hnute tui chi hi a mala laka chaw]ha

ber a ni awm e. Protein, Vitamin leh

minerals te a pai tam hlein Calcium hmuhna

]ha tak a ni bawk. Mahse, kan khawsak a la

harsat deuh avang te pawh a ni ang. Mizote

hian hnute tui lam chi hi kan la ei tlem deuh

hlawm hle a, hei aia tam deuh ei theih dan hi

chu awm se a]ha ngawt ang. Tin, artui pawh

hian chakna chi hrang hrang Vitamin C tih

loh chu a pai deuh vek a, Protein leh Vitamin

A a pai tam bawk a, naupang, nu naupawm

leh naupai tan chuan ei theih hram a

duhawm hle bawk.

Chaw]ha zingah sa te hi a man a to

deuh hlek avangin ei reng a harsa a, mahse,

sa-ah hian thlai danga kan hmuh ve theih loh

thisen siamtu atana pawimawh tak Vitamin

B12 a awmin a ti-ah hian a tlangpui thuin

100gm-ah Protein gr. 18-25 a awm a, sa

thinah hian Vitamin A a tam hle bawk.

Sangha pawh hian Protein a pai tamin

sangha te tak te te kan ro-a a ruh nena ei chi

phei hi chu Calcium hmuhna tha tak a ni

bawk. Amaherawhchu, Sangha thau tih loh

sa dang thau reng reng hi a ]hat vak loh

avangin a tlem thei ang ber ei a ]ha. Tin,

Mizo in kan ei uar tak Chakai, Kaikuang,

Chengkawl te pawh hian Protein leh

Minerals an pai tamin ei fo atan a ]ha ve hle

bawk. Sa lam pang chi hi ]ha hle mahse, mi

zawng zawng tan ei deuh reng a harsa a, sa-a

kan hmuh ang tho hi thildang, a bik takin be

lam chi-ah kan hmuuh tho avangin sa ei reng

loh pawhin taksa mamawh kan hmu thei tho

a ni.

Heng chaw]ha chi hrang hrang kan

sawi tak te hi kan ei huna an chakna paite a

bo loh nan eirawngbawl laiin fimkhur a ngai

hle a, chan leh sil velnaah fnnkhur loh chuan

chakna tam tak an hloh ]hin ani. Chan sawm

tawh hnua nasa taka tuia sil vak te chin loh

tur a ni. Vitamin leh minerals thlaia awmte

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

- 13 - -

hi a kawr hnaih taka an awm avangin vel

hmain silfaia pan tea vel tur a ni. Mei sa

lutuka hmin lutuka rei tak chhum hian

tuihu-ah khan Vitamin B Complex leh

Vitamin C te hi an chhuah avangin rei lutuk

leh hmin lutuka chhum loh tur a ni. Tin, hel

ei theih chi-Tomato, parbawr, Zikhlum,

Carot etc. te hi fai taka silfaia chhum hmin

kher loha ei mai hian Vitamin C a bo lo ber

bawk. Mizote hian bai kan chin ]hin avangin

chingal leh soda kan hmang uar viau a, hei

hian chakna tam tak a tihbo avangin hman

anih vêk pawhin a tlem thei ang ber hman

hram a ]ha.

Heng chaw]ha chi hrang hrang kan

sawi bak pawh hi tam tak a la awmin tunah

mai chuan sawi vek sen a ni lovang a, kan

hriat tur pawimawh tak erawh chu heng

chaw chi hrang hrangte hi a mala ei ]euh

ringawt chuan a ]ha tawk lo vek a, kan taksa

mamawh chakna te kan hmuh kim theih nan

chaw chi hrang hrangte hi kan ei pawlh diat

diat a ngai a ni. Mithiamte chuan hetiang

hian taksa tana an pawimawhnate zulzuiin

chaw te hi hlawm thumah an ]hen a :-

1. Chakna thahrui petu chawte :-

a) Buh lam chi - Buh, Atta, Vaimin, Buhtun,

Maida etc.

b) Bul nei chi - Bal, Bahra, Pangbal, Alu,

Kawlbahra etc.

c) Thil thlum - Chini, Khawizu, Kurtai etc.

d) Hriak leh thau.

2. Taksa siamtu chawte :-

a) Hnute tui lam chi - Bawnghnute,

Kelhnute, Lawihnute etc.

b) Be lam chi - Bete, Dailuah, Chana,

Bean etc.

c) Sa

d) Artui

3. Taksa Venghimtu chawte :-

a) Thei lamchi - Thingfanghma, Kawlthei,

Sunhlu, Balhla, Serhlum, Grape, Apple etc.

b) Thlaihnah hring - An]am, Behlawi, Maian,

Zikhlum, Pudina etc.

c) Thlai dangte - Bean, Bawrhsaiabe,

Bawkbawn, Sam]awk, Mai, Changkha,

Fanghma etc.

Chaw chi hrang ]hen dan a]ang hian

kan ei leh in inbuk tawk dan tur kan thlang

thiam tawh maiin a rinawm a, an chakna pai

leh an pawimawhna a inan loh avangin

hlawm(group) khat a]ang chauhva ei ]awk

bik lovin Group hrang hrang a]ang hian

engemaw ber tal hi ei tel ngei a pawimawh

a, hlawm khat rau rau a mi pawh a chi hrang

tam a ]ha lehzual.

Chaw kan mamawh hnem dan hi mi

zawng zawng zingah a inang vek lo a, kum

upat dan a zir te, hmeichhia leh mipaah te

leh hnathawh a zir tein chaw]ha inbuk tawk

dan tlangpui mithiam ten an chhutchhuah

chu hetiang hian Table No. 1-4 ah tarlan a ni.

(Table No. 1-4 enclosed)

Note : 2 (two) days Workshop On Women in

Agriculture ni 11-12 Feb. 2002, Hnathial a

neih a, a paper present a ni.

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

- 14 -

-

TABLE – 1

Balanced Diet for Children

CHAW TE

1-3 yrs.

4-6 yrs.

Remarks

Veg.

Non-Veg.

Veg.

Non-Veg.

Buh lam chi

150

200

Milk in ml. and

other in gm.

Be lam chi

50

40

60

50

Thlai hnah hring

50

75

Thlai dang leh bul nei chi te

30

50

Thei

50

Bawnghnute

300

200

250

200

Hriak lam chi

20

25

Sa lam leh Artui

-

30

-

30

Thil thlum lam

30

40

CHAW TE

7-9 yrs.

10-12 yrs.

Remarks

Veg.

Non-Veg.

Veg.

Non-Veg.

Buh lam chi

250

320

Milk in ml. and

others in gm.

Be lam chi

70

60

70

60

Thlai hnah hring

75

100

Thlai dang leh bul nei chi te

50

75

Thei

50

20

50

Bawnghnute

250

200

250

200

Hriak lam chi

30

35

Sa lam leh Artui

-

30

-

30

Thil thlum lam

50

TABLE – II

Balanced Diet for Adolescent Boys and Girls

BOYS GIRLS

CHAW TE

13-15 yrs.

16-18 yrs.

13-18 yrs.

Remarks

Veg.

Non-Veg.

Veg.

Non-Veg.

Veg.

Non-Veg.

Buh lam chi

430

450

350

Milk in ml. and

others in gm.

Be lam chi

70

50

70

50

70

50

Thlai hnah hring

100

150

Thlai dang

75

Bul nei chi

75

100

75

Thei

30

Bawnghnute

250

150

250

150

250

150

Hriak lam chi

35

40

45

50

35

40

Sa lam chi

-

30

-

30

-

30

Artui

-

30

-

30

-

30

Thil thlum lam

30

40

30

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

- 15 - -

TABLE – III

Balancced Diet for Adult Man

CHAW TE

Hnathawk hah lo

Hnathawk hah pangngai

Hnathawk hah tak

Remarks

Veg.

Non-Veg.

Veg.

Non-Veg.

Veg.

Non-Veg.

Buh lam chi

400

475

650

Milk in ml. and

others in gm.

Be lam chi

70

55

80

65

80

65

Thlai hnah hring

100

125

Thlai dang

75

100

Bul nei chi

75

100

Thei

30

Bawnghnute

200

100

200

100

200

100

Hriak lam chi

35

40

50

Sa lam chi

-

30

-

30

-

30

Artui

-

30

-

30

-

30

Thil thlum lam

30

40

65

55

TABLE – IV

Balanced Diet for Adult Woman

CHAW TE

Hnathawk

hah lo

Hnathawk

hah

Hnathawk

hah tak

Belhchhahna

Naupai Naupawm

Remarks

Veg.

Non-Veg.

Veg.

Non-Veg.

Veg.

Non-Veg.

Buh lam chi

300

350

475

50

Milk in ml.

and others

in gm.

Be lam chi

60

45

70

55

70

55

-

10

Thlai hnah

hring

125

25

Thlai dang

75

100

-

Bul nei chi

50

75

100

-

Thei

30

-

Bawnghnute

200

100

200

100

200

100

125

Hriak lam chi

30

35

40

45

-

15

Sa lam chi

-

30

-

30

-

30

10

Artui

-

30

-

30

-

30

-

Thil thlum lam

30

40

10

20

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

- 16 - -

SARVA SHIKSHA ABHIYAN

By Lalhmachhuana

Asst. Project Co-ordinator

Directorate of School Education

Kan thusawi tur Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan hi Hindi a nih avangin a awmzia han sawifiah

hmasa ila. 'Sarva' tih chu mi zawng zawng tihna a ni a, 'Shiksha' tih chu zirna tihna a ni a,

‘Abhiyan' tih chu a huhova beihna tihna a ni leh a. Tichuan Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan tih chu

zirna atana mi zawng zawgin a huhova beihpui thlak tihna a ni ber ang.

He scheme that SSA hi Mizoramah

pawh hman a ni ve ta a. A bul lo in]an dan

han chhui cho hmasa ila a ]ha awm e.

Kum 1999, October-ah tawh khan

National Committee of Education Ministers

chuan mi zawng zawng tana zirna,

Universalisation of Elementary Education

chu a taka hlenchhuah a nih theih nan

programme thar Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan

hmanga beihpui thlak a lo rawt tawh a. He

Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan hnuaiah hian

Elementary Education tih hmasawnna tura

scheme hrang hrang te chu hlawmkhawma,

Elementary Education hmasawnna tura nasa

lehzuala ]an lak tum a ni ta a. He scheme

nihna leh a kalphung tlangpui chu hengte hi

a ni.

 Hun bi tiam chhunga Universal

Elementary Education hlenchhuah.

 Mipuite beiseina ang tihlawhtling a,

Elementary Educaüon quality ]ha zawk a

siam.

 Ram mipuite inkara inthlauhna hrang

hrang awm ]hinte tih bo.

 Khawtlang mipuiin Elementary

Education-ah neitu tak tak an nih

theihna tura hmalak.

 India ram pumah Elementary Education

hlenchhuak tura hma rual taka lak tlan.

 Central Sawrkar, State Sawrkar leh

khawtlangin inpeizawna hma lak ho.

 Khawtlang mipuite hnena thuneihna

tam lehzual pek.

Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan chuan thil tam

tak hlenchhuah tum a nei a, chungte chu:

Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan chuan

naupang kum 6-14 inkar tan Zirna, an nun

atana ]angkai, inmil leh rintlak kum 2010

hma ngeia pek vek a tum a. Hei bakah hian

hnam hnufualte zirna lama chawikan te, ram

kil ]henkhat hnufual bik dawm kan te leh

hmeichhia te zirna dawmkan te a huap a.

Heng hlen chhuahna a tan hian vantlang

mipuite thuneihna tak tak pek a tum a ni.

Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan hian hun bi

tiam chhunga hlenchhuah a tumte chu :-

- 17 - -

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

 Kumin 2003 chhung ngei hian naupang

kum 6-14 inkar te sikula luh tir vek.

 Kum 2007-ah chuan naupang kum 6-14

inkar te chu kum 5 chhung tal lehkha lo

zirtir ]heuh.

 Kum 2010 ah chuan naupang kum 6-16

inkar te chu kum 8 tal lehkha Class VIII

lo zirtir tawh.

 Elementary Education chu quality ]ha

lehzual a siam a, naupang nun chhertu

]ha tak ni tura buatsaih.

 Hnam hrang hrang leh hmeichhia leh

mipate inkara zirna lam intluklohna

awmte chu Kum 2007-ah chuan Primary

Stage chin talah hrut rual a. Kum 2010

ah chuan Middle Stage thlenga

intluktlang tura siam.

 Kum 2010-ah chuan a bo a bang awm lo

a sikul bansan lova lehkha zirtir vek.

Kan sawi tawh ang khan he SSA hi

National Policy pawimawh a nih angin he

scheme hlenchhuahna atana sum ngai te

pawh Central leh State te tum tur a ni a.

IX Plan chhungin Central in 85%

State-in 15% an tum ang a, X Plan (tuna kan

hman mek) ah chuan Central-in 75%

State-in 25% an tum ang a, XI Plan-ah chuan

Central-in 50%, State-in 50% a tum ang.

Tin, khitianga hma lak a nih hma

pawh khian, SSA atana bul ]an nan Pre

Project Activities atan 100% funding hmuh

theih a ni a. Kum 2000-2001 ah khan

Mizoram tan Pre Project Activities atan

pawisa kan hmuh dan chu hetiang hi a ni.

1. Aizawl District - Rs. 19.13 Lakhs

2. Lunglei District - Rs. 15.88 Lakhs

3. Mamit District - Rs. 11.51 Lakhs

4. Kolasib District - Rs. 11.15 Lakhs

5. Champhai District - Rs. 14.05 Lakhs

6. Serchhip District - Rs. 11.47 Lakhs

7. Lawngtlai District - Rs. 13.84 Lakhs

8. Saiha District - Rs. 14.00 Lakhs

9. State Component - Rs. 3.22 Lakhs

TOTAL - Rs. 114.25 Lakhs

Khing pawisa hmang khian Mizoram

pumah Household Survey, School Survey,

Family Survey te chu July-August, 2001 ah

khan neih a ni a. Chung survey a]anga thil

hmuh chhuah a]ang chuan Perspective Plan

siam a ni a. Annual Work Plan and Budget

2001-2002 pawh siam nghal a ni a. Heng

Annual work Plan ang Budget 2001-2002

endik tur hian Appraisal Team, India

sawrkar rawn tirh te chu January 3-6 2002

khan Mizoramah an lo kal a. Kan Annual

Plan te chu pawmin hemi kum, 2001-2002

atan hian Rs. 1017.79 Lakhs Central sawrkar

chuan a rawn sanction ta a. First instalment

atan Rs. 432.56 Lakhs chu February 28,

2002 khan sanction a ni a. Heng pawisa te hi

hman mek a ni. Kumin 2002-2003 atan

pawh hian Rs. 602.2419 Lakhs chu Project

Approval Board in a recommend tawh a,

sanction order nghah mek a ni.

- 18 - -

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

Harsatna kan tawh erawh chu, kum

2001-2002-ah pawisa hmuh khin letna

atana State-in Rs. 152.66 Lakhs a thawh ve a

ngai a. Hei hi sum harsatna avangin

khinletna pawisa hi la pek theih loh a ni a.

Chuvang chuan 2

nd

instalment kum 2001-

2002 ami leh 1

st

instalment kumin 2002-

2003 ami hi hmuh theih a ni hrih lo a ni.

Kumin atana pawisa hmuh tur District

tina awmdan chu :

1. Aizawl District – Rs. 373.0928 Lakhs

2. Lunglei District - Rs. 261.98346 Lakhs

3. Mamit District - Rs. 176.91775 Lakhs

4. Kolasib District - Rs. 121.81335 Lakhs

5. Champhai District - Rs. 204.9337 Lakhs

6. Serchhip District - Rs. 120.4461 Lakhs

7. Lawngtlai District - Rs. 193.42726 Lakhs

8. Saiha District - Rs. 136.4915 Lakhs

9. State Component - Rs. 13.136 Lakhs

TOTAL - Rs.1602.2419 Lakhs

Kum 10 chhung 2002-2011 atana

Perspective Plan siam a ni a, District tin tana

dinhmun chu hetiang hi a ni.

Amaherawhchu, ruahmanna te hi Appraisal

Team leh Project Approval Board te la thlir

nawn leh tur a ni. (Rs. in Lakhs)

1. Aizwl District - Rs. 6612.20

2. Lunglei District - Rs. 4824.24

3. Mamit District - Rs. 3490.64

4. Kolasib District - Rs. 1073.91

5. Champhai District - Rs. 572.12

6. Serchhip District - Rs. 793.37

7. Lawngtlai District - Rs. 5936.64

8. Saiha District - Rs. 2093.51

TOTAL - Rs. 25396.63

Heti lam hi chu duhtawk ta ila, SSA

hnuaia hmalakna turte i lo thlir leh ta ila:-

1) Free Text Book: SC/ST zirlai zawng

zawng leh hmeichhia zawng zawng tan Free

Text Book, naupang pakhat tan Rs. 150/- zel

pek tawh tur.

2) Teacher Grant: Zirtirtuten ]ha zawk a

zirlaite an zirtir theih nan Teaching Aids lei

nan zirtirtu pakhat tan Rs. 500/- anga

chhutin kum tin Teaching Aids ngaihtuah

sak.

3) School Grant: Primary leh Middle school

zawng zawng tan kumtinin Rs. 2000/- zel

pek. He pawisa hi sikul bungraw chhe

tawhte thlakna tur a ni ang.

4) Teachers Training : Zirtirtu zawng

zawngte kumtinin ni 20 chhung tal training

tir. Lut thar training neisa te tan class room

luh hmain ni 30 tal refresher course leh la

training lo, lut te phei chu ni 60 refresher

course neih tir.

5) Circle Resource Center Leh Cluster

Resources Center: Mizoram pumpui Circle

Resource Center 23 leh Cluster Resources

Center 154 approve tawh a ni a. CRC sakna

atana CRC pakhatah Rs. 6.00 Lakhs leh

Cluster Resources Center sakna CLRC

pakhatah Rs. 2.00 lakhs zel phal a ni a. }ha

tawk taka heng center hi sak tur a ni. Heng

Resource Center a thawk tur hian zirtirtu

- 19 - -

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

]hazualte thlan chhuah an ni ang a. Chung

zirtirtu thlan chhuahte aiawh tur chuan

mithar pawh lak nghal a ni ang. Heng

Resource Center-ah hian zirtirtu training-te

refresher course leh On-site academic

support te pek ]hin a ni ang.

6) Disable Children: Mizoram puma

rualbanlote tan naupang pakhatah

Rs. 1200/- anga chhutin, Zirna an neih ve

theih nan hma lak tur a ni a. Survey pawh

neih tawh a ni. Identification leh assessment

pawh neih tum mek a ni.

7) Sikul Nei Lo Khua: Khua leh bâwkah

reng reng Primary sikul din vek tum a ni a.

Naupang zirlai tam dan a zirin Middle School

pawh pek zel tur a ni ang.

Kan sawi tak te kha hmalakna tur

]henkhatte chauh an ni a. Khing anga hma la

tur khian Central pawisa chu sanction ni

tawh mahse, State sawrkarin khin letna

pawisa a la thawh ve loh avangin, duh angin

hma lak theih a la ni lo.

SSA tana inrelbawlna hmanruate han

sawi leh ila. A lu berah Governing Boby a

awm a, hetah hian Chief Minister chu

President niin, Education Minister chu Vice-

Chairman a ni a. A hnuaiah hian Executive

Committee a awm leh a. Hetah hian Chief

Secretary chu Chairman a ni a, Secretary

Education & Human Resources

Development chu Vice Chairman a ni.

District zawng zawngah District Education

Committee a awm vek a. Deputy

Commissioner chu Chairman niin, District

Education Officer te chu Member Secretary

an ni a. Hemi dawtah hian Education Circle

tinah Circle Education Committee a awm leh

a, SDEO te chu Chairman niin CEO te chu

Secretary an ni a.

Khua zawng zawngah Village

Education Committee a awm vek tawh a.

VCP te chu Chairman niin, heng khua a

Headmaster/Head Teacher te chu Secretary

an ni. Heng Committee ah hian zirtirtute leh

nu leh pate leh tlawmngai pawl aiawh te an

tel ]heuh a ni.

He SSA hi a danglamna leh vantlang, a

khaw neitu ten thu an nei tih a lanna chu,

vawiin ni ngeiah pawh khaw tam zawk

chuan an khaw tan plan, Village Elementary

Education Plan an siam zo tawh ngei ang a.

Chung hmang chuan District Elementary

Education Plan siam a ni mai dawn a. Tin,

Pawisa hman tur reng reng Teacher Grant,

School Grant, Building Grant etc. te hi Village

Education Committee ah a pawisa ngeia pek

vek an ni ang a. An khua a sikulte enkawl

chu an kutah liau liau a awm dawn a ni.

A tawp berah chuan he SSA scheme-a

goal hmasa kum 2003-ah naupang kum 6-14

inkar te sikul luh tir vek ti hlawhtling tur

hian nu leh pa zawng zawng hnenah kan

ngenna sang ber kan thlen duh a ni e.

- 20 - -

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

VAIMIM CHI }HA SURAJ/K-235/K-216 CHIN DAN

J. Rothanga, SMS (SC)

Mizo Vaimim pangngaite hi an kawm a te in a tawi bawk a. Chuvangin ran chaw leh

hralhsum danga hman dawn chuan an thar hlawk lova, a kawm no ei atan chiah a ]ha. Mizoram

sorkar chuan ran chaw siamna khawl bunin heta a hmanrua pawimawh ber chu vaimim a ni.

Hemi atan liau liau hian Agriculture Department chuan vaimim chi ]ha chu (Hybrid) a la chhuak

a, hei hi loneitute tan malsawmna hnar ]ha tak a ni. Heng Vaimim te hi a kawm a lianin a sei a, a

fang a hraw bawk a, a thar hlawk em em a ni.

A NIHPHUNG TLANGPUITE :

1. A fang : A lianin a hraw a, a rawng a eng

kawm khat hi feet khai laia sei a ni thei.

2.

2. A kawm pai zat : A kung hi feet 6 laia a ni

thei a. Kung khatah kawm 1 ]ha a pai

tlangpui a, hmun ]henkhatah chuan 2 lai

pawh a pai thei.

3. A thar hun chhung : Ni 100-105 (thla

3

𝟏

𝟐

- 4 ) chhung in a seng theih.

4. A chi mamawh zat : }in khat hmun zelah

a chi 7 kgs a tawk.

5. Chin dan : A tlar/ bi fel tak neia chin nise

a ]ha ber. A tlara chin a nih chuan a bi inkar

hlat zawng feet 1-1

𝟏

𝟐

nise, a tlar leh tlar

inhlat zawng feet 2-2

𝟏

𝟐

ni thei bawk se a ]ha

ber. Hetiang anga chin a nih hian ]in khat

hmunah kung 23 ,000 lai a leng thei.

6. Lei]ha mamawh dan : Rang tak leh

hlawk taka thar theih an nih avangin chaw

]ha lei]ha an mamawh nasa em em a. Lei a

]hat tawh loh chuan "local" vaimim ai

pawhin an chhe thei. }in khat hmun zelah

hetiang hi lei]ha an mamawh dan chu a ni.

UREA - 20 kgs

DAP - 50 kgs

MOP - 33 kgs

7. Lei]ha pek dan : Urea hi a bi bul zelah

fiante (table spoon) khat vel, a zung leh kung

si lo tawk a pek tur a ni a. DAP leh MOP khi a

vaiin vaimim hmunah chin hma deuh hlekin

thehdarh/ pek tur a ni a. Urea khi ]um thum

pek ah hman tur a ni.

}um khatna - A ]o chhuah hlimah

}um hnihna - A par ]an tirh laiin

}um thumna - A kawm insiam ]an tirh laiin.

8. A thar theih zat : A fang nuai thlak vekin

]in khat hmunah 18 Qtls. zel a thar thei.

9. A chi tuh dan : Bi khatah fang 3 aia tam

thlak loh tur. Duhthusamah chuan bul/bi

khatah kung 2 zel awm se a ]ha.

10. A venhim dan : Vaimim hi a ]o chhuah

dawn leh a hnu deuhah pangang leh

rannung dangin an rawt ]hin a, Tin, a hnah

eitu pangang leh a kawm ti ngettu pangang a

awm thei bawk a. Heng lak a]anga venghim

tur hian Carbofuran (Furadan 3G) hman a

]ha. He damdawi hi chhawhchhi ang deuha

- 21 - -

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

mu hraih mai a ni a, a ]o chhuah hlim

a]angin kar 2-3 dan zelah damdawi hi a zik

hlawm chhungah fang 3-4 thlak ]hin ang

che.

Vaimim ‘vanral’ hri lak a]anga an him

theih nan a hnah hnuai lam bawr chhawr leh

hnah upa lam chu pawh thlak vek a, paih bo

tur a ni.

CHHINCHHIAH BIK TUR TE :

 Vaimim hi khaw lum leh vawtah a chin

theih ve ve a. Tuna vaimim ]ha chi SURAJ

ngei pawh hi tui neih ]hat chuan thlasik

leh nipui/fur laiin a chin theih vek a ni.

 Thlai chi hrang hrang zingah chaw ]ha

heh ber pawl an ni a, chuvangin vaimim

hlawhtling taka ching tur chuan Lei]ha

hman tel ngei a ]ul a ni.

 SURAJ, K-235 leh K-216 te hian ruahtui

an ngam hle a, mahse, a chinna hmun

leiah tui a tling rei tur a ni lo.

 Vaimim chin zawh velah bekang chin leh

nghal theih a ni a. Tichuan, ram

hmunkhat a]angin hlawk takin ]um hnih

thlai (vaimim leh bekang) a thar theih

dawn a ni.

 Mizoram Sorkar chuan Tanhril ah

ranchaw herna khawl a bun a, hetah hian

vaimim kg khat Rs 7/- zelin a lei a, tin,

bekang kg 1 Rs 19.50 zelin a lei duh reng

bawk.

VAIMIM CHINNA SENSO LEH A HLAWK

DAN (

}

in khat hmunah)

A. Lovah leh hna ]ul dangte :

i) Lovah/Lohal/Mangkhawh

ii) Thlai chi thlak

iii) Hlo thlawh (}um 3) Rs. 3000.00

iv) Lei]ha pek

v) Damdawia kah nan

B. Thlai chi leh hmanrua :

i) Thlai chi man 7kgs @ Rs. 28.50

- Rs. 200.00

ii) Lei]ha man

Urea 20 kgs @ Rs. 5/- - Rs. 100.00

DAP 50 kgs @ Rs. 10/- - Rs. 500.00

MOP 33 kgs @ Rs. 3/- - Rs. 99.00

iii) Damdawi Furadon man

2 kgs @ Rs. 1oo/- - Rs. 200.00

C. Thar theih zat : 18 Qtls. @ Rs. 700/-

- Rs. 12,600/-

D. Hlep tur zat :

Sum hailuh theih - Rs. 12,600.00

Senso zawng zawng - Rs. 4,099.00

Help - Rs. 8,501.00

Tichuan, vaimim ]in khat hmun

a]angin Rs. 8,501.00 a hlep theih a, chu chu

buhfai ]in khat Rs. 60/- ang zela chhut chuan

buh phur 45 a hen a ni.

- 22 - -

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

MAUTAM HI ENG VANG NGE ?

Changkima

Zawlpui

Thil danglam tak lo thleng ]hin (unnatural happening) hi a line a mithiamte chuan a

chhan leh vang hriat tumin nasa takin an chhui ]hin a, tam tak chu hmuhchhuah a nih laiin

]henkhat chu hmuhchhuah lohin a awm ve fo bawk a ni.

Khawvel ram danga thleng ngai lo,

Zorama Kum Sawmnga dana mau a rah ziah

nachhan te thlai dang a rah avanga a kung

thi ngai si lo, mau zawng thi ta vek mai te,

Mau rah (tam) kuma buh seng tur awm lo ta

ziah mai te, buh vui laia ral lova, a hmawr a

hmin lai chiaha bo zo ta duak ]hin te hian

Scientist ho lu a ti haiin an in sit chem chem.

]hinin a rinawm. Mifing mihrinna hi chuan a

ngaihtuah chhuak zo ngang lo a ni. Pathian

thuruk hi chu.

Mau tam hma Kum leh mau tam kum

hian Sazu chu a puang nasa ngei mai a, Sazu

chauh ni lovin Vahrit, Ramar Nungcha tam

tak a puang ]hin a ni. Mau tam kum hian

Sazu tam hle mahse, chhiat phah khawpin

buh an ei lo tih a chiang a, mau rah erawh an

ei nasa a, buh hnuaiah Sazu sehna nawi

hmuh tur a awm mang tlat lo. Chuvangin

Rodent Control te-in hma lo la vak mah ila

Sazu zawng man fai vek mah ila, mau tam

kum chuan buh chu kan chang chuang

lovang. Chuvangin mau tam Kum kan lo

inrin (buatsaih) dan tur chu a lehlam (ultra)

zawng a kan inbuatsaih a ngai a ni.

Mau tam chhan ber ni a lang chu

Leviticus 25:8 hi niin a lang. Israel fa dik tak

te chu Pathianin Kum Sawmli leh Kum Kua

hnathawk turin a ti a, Kum Sawmngana chu

Jubili Kum, Chawlh derna Kum a ni a, an thei

leh thlai reng reng nungchate leh mi rethei

zualte seng ve hun atan a dah a ni. Heng

a]ang te hian Israel thlah ziding dik tak kan

nih hi a lang chiang viau a, Bible chang tam

takah Lalpa zawnchhuah rama sawi te chuta

a mi chengte Character a sawi te hi Zoram

chiah hi ni mai awm a ni. Khawchhak ram

(Far East)-ah Zoram lo chu hetiang mil thlap

ram hi a awm lo.

Kan bo rei tawh a kan nihna (identity)

pawh kan hre tawh lova, kan thlahtute

Lalpan thu a pek pawh kan hre loin kan

pawisa tawh lo a, chuvang chuan Pathian

thu nung reng chu a tlangzarhna turin Kum

Sawmnga dana seng loh kum hi Pathianin a

fate kan nih avangin a ruat a, hahdam takin

thawk mah ila a thlawna a chang ta ]hin a ni.

He mi kum hian nungcha te chuan

buh hi an ei zoin a lang lova, chuvangin

"Ram huai buh seng kum" ti mai ila a dik mai

- 23 - -

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

awm e. Kan Pathian thu awi loh hlawh pawh

a ni thei ang chu.

Mi thiamte chhut dan chuan 2007-ah

hian mau tam tura ngaih a ni a, chuvangin

hemi Kum hi chuan Sorkar-in tuman lo nei lo

turin Order siam sela, a pumpelhna

(Solution) ]ha ber chu a ni mai. Kan dang

chuang dawn lo. Lalpa Order a ni. Mautam

hma kum hian ]an kan lak nasat a ngai a,

Sorkar-in buai hauh lova kum hnih ei kan

thar theihna turin buhfai tam zawk

ngaihtuah sela, Non-lapsable Pool fund

a]ang te leh a theihna ang ang a]angin,

Mautam chhuanlam pawhin loneitu ten hna

an thawh theih nan loan in emaw Food for

work hna tam thei ang berte ngaihtuaha

hma lak a ]ha ang.

Scientist-te an buai map tawh hnuah

pawh Bible hi chu a buai ve dawn lo tih hria

ila, kan ram hi Lalpan a ciala min pek a ni tih

hi i chiang ang u. Ramhuai seng tur awm

miah lo a, Mautam Kum chuan lo kan neih

loh mai hi kan tih tur dik tak a ni.

Ozone pawp hi Sq. Km. maktaduai

sawmhnih pariat a ni tawh a, "Ni

hnuhnungahah chuan an vunte em uhin a

awm ang" Bible-in a tih kha a lo thlen

theihna tur a ni. Washington DC-a khawvelin

Ozone pawp Chemical-a thawm tura an rel

khan an fail der a. Khawvel hi Green House

(Ramngaw) siam ila, kan la cheng rei thei

deuh ang' tih kha an thu thlukna niin World

Bank a]angin Waste land Div. Project atan

pawisa an vawm ta vak mai a nih hi.

Mau hi ramngaw siam nana awlsam

ber a ni a, mau tuai hi ni Sawmli velah a

puitling a ni. Hemi atan hian khawvelin kan

ram mau rah 2007-a lo thleng tur hi an thlir

]hup tawh a, Tokyo-ah kan ram mau rah

pakhat hi keng ila Dollar khat chuan ka hralh

hrim hrim dawn a. Hemi hunah chuan Tarsis

lawng liante chu mau rah phur turin Chhim

tuipuiah hmasak an in chuh tawh dawn a ni.

"Chu hnam chu hnam chak tak leh hnam

ropui takah ka siam ang…. khawvelin an

rohlute an rawn chhung khawm tawh ang"

tih kha a thlen na turin. Kum Sawmnga dana

Mizo nu leh pate lungngaihna kum kha

Pathianin amah inchawimawi nan a rawn

hmang tawh ang a, Mau rah dawrrawn

sawm chuan Jeep thar var a lei tawh ang.

Chuvangin kan hma lawka Mautam tur hi

Zofate ropuina tur Pathianin a lo ruat lawk

chu a ni e. Hei hi Mautam chhan chu a ni e.

- 24 - -

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

MIZO LEH ZING LEN

(Thufingte 25:71)

A.G. Sailo

P.S. to Agriculture Minister

Don Bosco School, Dibrugar-a kum 10 chhung zet lehkha ka zir chhungin tuktin zing dar

5-ah thovin, darkar chanve Biak In a inkhawm ziah bakah, darkar khat chhung Study hour kan

han hmang leh a, chumi hnuah break fast ei turin zing dar 7-ah a tlarin Dining Hall kan pan leh

ziah a, Father-ten ]awng]aina hun an hman zawh hma chuan ]awng an phal ngai miah lova, lo

]awng palh zauh chuan chhun chaw kan eina ah CHI min ‘cut’ bik ta ]hin a, a ho viauin a lang na

a inhremna na tak a ni ve thei kan lo rawp deuh ]hin bawk a!

Mizote hi kan pi pute a]ang tawha

hnam zalen, inhmukhawm tel tel, titiho

nuam ti tak kan ni a. Kan lo changkan zel

takah Hun hlutzia pawh tunhma ai chuan

kan hrethiam ve ta niin a lang. ‘Zing kar’ kan

tih mai, kan zing thawh leh tuk]huan ei hun

inkar hi chhungkaw tinte tana hun

pawimawh tak mai a ni. Chhungkaw nu

berin uluk takin eirawng a bawl a, nula in

inchhung hna dang an lo khawih bawk a,

naupangin lehkha an zir ve thung a,

chhungkaw Pa ber Pastor emaw Kohhrana

rawngbawltu emaw an nih phei chuan

pindan chhungrilah Fianrial hun an hman a

lo ngai a, Officer ]henkhatten thluak hman

]ulna File ]henkhat an hawnte enna hunah

an lo hmang ve bawk. He tih vang hi nge ni,

Sapho pawhin Zingkar hun hi ‘Meditation

Period’ an lo ti hial a ni. He hun hi

chhungkaw tinin a ‘cool’ thei ang ber leh a

daihzai thei ang bera kan hman thiam a

pawimawh em em a ni.

Mizote hi zing kara ]henawmte tlawh

leh kawmna hun hmang tam ber kan ni hial

awm e; hun kan hmang ]angkai rual hian

bansan kan tum zel pawh a ]ha awm e, a

chhan chu, kan va lenna te tan khan

harsatna kan va siam fo ]hin a ni.

Rawngbawlna hun chep karah Nu berin

thingpui a han lum a, room leh lama

naupang lehkha zirte an phili phah a, sitting

room a lehkha zirte an insawn a ngai a, len

rei deuh phei chuan chaw ei hun kan

tikhaihlaka, naupang sikul kal tur an buai

phah a, Chung inkhawmte an neih loh phah

thei fo bawk a, Upa-in a Bial a fan hman loh

phah a, pa ber len chhuah lo tum ve khan a

chhuah theih loh phah bawk si-engkim a

buai thei ve tlat asin!! Chhungkaw kima

chaw eite hi a thlakhlelawm nen i len rei/ka

len rei avangin sikul naupang hmanhmawh

ten chhungte rual lovin chaw an han ei ta

]hin a nih chu - kan ngeiawm duh awm e.

- 25 - -

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

}henkhat zing lengte phei hi chu ring

fe hian kan ri lung lung a, 'In la tho nange?'

emaw 'Chaw in ei tawh em?' ti tein emaw

pawn a]angin kan au lung lung a; loh theih

loha leng tur kan nih pawhin thawm dim

tluk a awm lo. Zan lamah buaina/natna

emaw avangin an lo mu thei lova, zing an tho

tlaiin chaw an la ei lo pawh a ni thei-

hetianga rik lur lur kher hi a mawi lo bawk

si nen-sim daih atan a ]ha e, kawngka kik a

tawk viau a ni. }henawmte an harh phah,

naupang lehkha an chiai phah. Naupangte

pawh zing karah, a ]ul hle a nih loh chuan

chaw ei kham hma chuan pawnah chhuahtir

loh a fel hle a ni. I sawi duh i sawi zawh

hnuah haw nghal mai la, len rei lamah

hawihawm chhuah vak tum ngai suh.

Tin, mi ina kan len dawna kawngka

kik emaw Bell hmeh hnua thawm emaw,

min chhangtu engmah kan hriat mai loh

chuan hmeh nawn leh kik nawn sek aiin kal

kian mai a ]ha zawk. An la tho lo emaw,

buaina dangin a tlakbuak emaw pawh a ni

thei a, midang an mamawh rih lovah ngaih

mai a ]ha ber fo -zualko/emergency thil chu

thudang ni se.

A ]ha berah chuan, mi ina kan len

dawnin a hma ni-ah emaw zan lamah emaw

lo hrilhlawk a, zing lam atan appointment

insiam hi Sapho tihdan ]ha tak a ni a,

lakchhawn ve a duhawm hle. Kan Politician

te erawh chu chhun-zan zawma mipui dawr

tura inpe an nih avangin ngaih khatah ngai

ila, zing kar hun hlutzia (sawi kim lo mah

ila,) kan hriat belh zel a ]ul hle a, tih tur

mahnin neih loh vanga mi inah enge an

dinhmun pawh hre lova lo va chuankai

ngawt angte hi sim tawh ila; chutih rualin

harsatna namen lo kan va siam ]hin tihte hre

zel bawk ila a ]ha.

Sap thufingin ‘Well begin is half done’

a tih angin ni kan hman ]anna ‘Zing kar’ hun

hi kan hman ]hat chuan chhun lam hun kan

hman dante pawh hi a tluang pur zel ]hin a

ni. Nula ]henkhat sam huh deuh

hnianghnuanga pawn chhuak hmuh tur an

tam ta hle a, heng te hi tute len rei vang

emaw, an thawh tlai hrim hrim vang emaw a

ni ngeiin a rinawm.

Kan Pathian thuin, “Miin i chunga an

tiha i duh tur ang bawkin mi chungah pawh

ti ve rawh” a tih hi hre reng ila. Tute

chhungkua emaw chaw ei rual loh phahna

te, Pisa kal tlaina te, lusuk tlai phahna te,

lenchhuah ]hulhna te, hnathawh tur ]hulh

phahna te kan ni ]hin a nih chuan kan len leh

an hlau ru reng tawh mai a ni tih inhriain,

midangte tana malsawmna thlentuah ]an

tum zawk tawhin, ‘Zing kar len’ hi sim i tum

tawh ang u - loh theih loh a nih ngawt loh

chuan.

- 26 - -

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

I.W.D.P ZIN REPORT

Laibata, College Veng

Kolasib, WCM, Tuilut Project

I.W.D.P. hnuaia Farmers Tour hi kum kalta, dt. 7-11, Oct'2002 hmangin Loneitute chuan

Shillong hmunah, I.C.A.R. hmalakna te leh mimal hmalakna te, an ram leilung leh boruakte a

hmun ngeiah tlawhin kan zuk fang a, kan hlim tlang hle mai. I.W.D.P. Project PIA-II hi

Pu Lalthanzuala, SDAO Bilkhawthlir enkawlna hnuaia hmalak a ni a. Nimahse, he kan zinna-ah

hian Pu Ngurrinsanga Sailo, M.Sc. Forestry (Agro. Forestry) in hneh takin min hruai a, ]awng te

letin ama enkawlna hnuaiah kan awm a. Hetianga mi inpe zo leh mifel takin min han hruai hi a

chungah kan lawm tak zet a ni.

Tin, I.W.D.P PIA-II hnuaia Project pathum, Tuilut Project, Kolasib, Telpuilui Project

Bukpui leh Upper Tuiritai Project Thingthelh te chu Bilkhawthlir a]anga kalin, Shillong,

Borapani chu ni 8.10.2002 tlai dar 6:00 velah kan thleng a. ICAR Farmers Hostel hmun nuam

takah min thlen tir a, min lo dawng sawng ]ha in an chungah kan lawm em em a ni.

Tin, a tuk ni 9.10.2002 zing dar 6:00-ah thovin ICAR Research hmunte chu a hmun ngeia

tlawhin, terrace te leh lei rih pawnte a an thlai chin dante leh hma an lak dan, Alu, Bawkbawn,

Zikhlum leh Parbawr etc. helaia man to tak taka kan lo lei ]hin chin dan a hmun ngeiah kan hmu

a, keini Mizoram pawh hian kan tive thei ngei a ni tih kan hmuin kan zuk hria a, an tih ang hian

tihtak zetin thawk ila, Meghalaya ram mi, Khasi pa pawhin a tih theih chu Mizo pa pawhin a ti

thei a ni. Tin, Khasi te chuan mahni (private) a hma lain, khawi hmun pawh han hawi ila nasa

takin hma an la a, an hlawhtlin zia mit ngeiin kan zuk hmu a. Kan Mizoram-ah pawh hian mimal

hian taima tak leh tumruhna nen thawk ila kan hlawhtling ngei ang tih ka in hmu tharin ka

rilruah tumruhna nasa tak min pe a, hetiang hun hi siam fo chi leh tih ngei ngei ]hin nise, Mizo

loneitute hian kan hlawk pui ngei ngeiin ka ring a ni.

ICAR Station bula thingtlang khaw pakhat, Watershed Development hnathawhna ah min

hruai bawk a. Helai hmunah hian lei chunglang luangral lova mumal taka tlangram lo neih dan

zirna hmun a ni a, tlawh a manhlain a zawngchhang awm kan ti hle a, Watershed Development

work a telve mek kan nih bawk avangin kan thawhpuite hmuh ve ah pawh kan it ]hin hle a ni.

Tin, kan sawi hmaih hauh loh tur leh pawimawh em em chu kan Mizoram Sorkar leh Kan

PIA-II, Pu Lalthanzuala SDAO, Bilkhawthlir chungah hetiang hun min siam hi a chungah kan

lawm em em a ni.

- 27 - -

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

HMARCHATE CHANCHIN LEH SAWISAK HLUT DAN

S. Rokhuma

President, Farmfed.

Hmarchate hi Mizote chuan kan hmelhriat ]heuhva, mahse, kan hriat dan erawh hi chu a

thui tawk lo deuhva. Kan chin dan te, kan tihro dan te leh kan hralh dan te pawh hi a la dik tawk

lovin a la mawlmang deuh niin a lang a, a hlut dan te a hman dan te hi kan hriat tam tawk loh

avangin kan ti duh dah ang reng hle a ni.

HMARCHATE CHANCHIN TLANGPUI :

Hmarchate hi thingbuk hlim duh mi

Thlai a ni a, ramhnuai leh thingbuk hlim

hnuaiahte, in bul (bathlar hlim) ah te pawh

kum rei tak tak an rah thei tih kan hmuh hi.

Khawvel ram pumpuiah Mizoram

Hmarchate hi a ]ha berin a lar ta ber nghe

nghe a, kan ngah ber pawh niin a lang a ni.

Africa ramah te pawh an nei ve na a, a rim

leh a rawng leh a thaknate leh a oil pai ]hat

lamah Mizoramin kan neih hi a tluk lo hle a

ni. India ram hmun ]henkhatah te pawh an

han ching ve tak na a. Mizoram a mi angin a

tai ]ha ve thei meuh lova an ngah ve thei lem

lo a ni ber mai! Khawvel pumpuia

sumdawngtu liante Inkhawmpui ropui

takmai “WORLD SPICE CONGRESS” an tih

maiah te pawh ka tel ve tawh ]hin a. Kan

Hmarchate Sample hi kan keng ve ziah ]hin

a, chung mi hausaho kalkhawmte zingah

chuan Hmarchate la hmu ngai lo leh a nih

dan phung pawh la hre ngai hauh lo an tam

mai a ni.

Tunah chuan khawvel ram hausa tam

takte hnenah Sample kan pek tawhna a

zarah a duhtu an pung telh telh ta a ni. A

tlangpui thuah chuan Mizoram hi

Hmarchate chinna tur ram nei ]ha ber leh

ngah ber tur leh nei ]ha ber ni thei reng tur

kan niin a lang a, a man pawh hi kan kuta

awm a ni thei tlat mai a ni. Kan ram pumpui

deuh thaw ah hian Hmarchate hi kan ching

thei si a. Hei vang hian chin uar sauh sauh

atan a ]ha a ni.

Hmarchate hi rilru nei taka kan chin

chuan Thlai man tam bikte zingah kan telh

thei ngei dawnin a lang bawk. Heng Alaichi

Lian Chi leh Alaichi te chite Black Pepper te

Coffee te hi World Market ah an larin an

man pawh a sang thei hle hlawm a, a chingtu

tam takin an dinchhuah phah tawh ang hian

Hmarchate pawh hi Kg. ah Rs. 100/- aia tlem

lova hralh reng theih tura uluk taka sawisak

ni sela Mizo fate hian kan hmingthan phah

ang a, kan hausakpui anga kan ham]hat pui

em em dawn a ni.

HMARCHATE CHI HRANG HRANG A AWM :

Hmarchhate hi chi hrang hrang kan

ngah ta hle mai a, mahse, an vai hian

Hmarchate chu kan ti vek tho mai a; heng a

bialte, a pawr sei liante, a te pangngai leh a

- 28 - -

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

te leh zual te ho hi Hmarchate an nih ]heuh

lai hian an ]hat dan a inchen lem lo hle a, an

rim pawh a in ang chiah lem lo a ni. Heng

Hmarchate chi hrang hrangte hi a hlanga

chin tur an ni a, a chi dang nen chin pawlh

loh hram tur a ni a. Hralh dawnah pawh a

hlang ngatin kan dah theih phah dawn a ni.

HMARCHATE CHIN DAN }HA :

Mizoramah hian Hmarchate chindan

mumal tak kan nei lem lo a ni mai thei e.

Kangvarah kan theh mai a, a ]henin kan tuh

bawk a, kûi ]iah a phunsawn hi erawh chu

kan ching tam lo hle in a lang. Kan hriat

atana ]ha chu Hmarchate hi a theha theh mai

mai aiin a bi dik taka tuh ngei a ]ha a, a tuha

kan tuh ngat hi chu kumhlun atan pawh a

]ha a ni. Tin, kûi tiaha phun hi a damrei ber

a, a phun kuma a rah hi a tlem thung a ni.

Mizote hian Buh hmun leh la

hmunahte Vaihlo hmunahte kan theh pawlh

bawk ]hin a, he method hi kumkhat atan

chuan a ]ha in kan hre bawk a. A chhan chu

Hmarchate hi hlimtu (shade) mamawh deuh

mai a nih avang leh a aia Thlai leh thingkung

sang zawkin boruaka a hri leng vel te a lo

dan sakin a lo venghim a; a hnah kir tur leh a

kung ngêt chhe turte a lo venhim sak ]hin a,

a ]ha hle reng a ni.

Hetianga hlim ngaina leh mamawh a

nih avang hian kan Hmarcha phunna ah

chuan hlim pe theitu remchang a awm theih

chuan a ]ha a ni. A tlangpuiin Hmarchate hi a

rinthar aia a kum hnihna July thla vela a rah

hi a tam zawk mah a, hei hian chula thingbul

chawrte leh a bula hnim lo chhawrte'n hlim

an pek tam zawk vang niin a lang.

Engpawh nise Hmarchate hi theh mai

mai lova tuh ngei a tuh hi ching uar zawk ila,

a phuna phun pawh hi a ]ha a ni. A kung a

damrei in a rah rei thei zawk a ni.

Mizote'n kan hriat atan ]ha chu

Hmarchate hi kumkhat chauh thlai an ni

lova, kum engemaw zah chhawr ]angkai

theih Thlai an ni tih hi a ni. A chi pawh kan

duhtui tur a ni a, a chi hlang ngei kan ching

tur a ni.

HMARCHATE LAWH DAN TUR :

Hmarchate hi a hmin rual lo hle a,

October a hmin ]an mai te a awm a, hengte

hi a lawh a lawh tur a ni a, a Tai chauh hi

lawh tur a ni lova, a rah puichang tawh si, la

Tai si lote pawh hi lawh tur a ni a. Mahse, a

Tai leh tai lote hi dah hran tur a ni. A hralhna

ah pawh a hrana hralh tur a ni. A Tai leh Tai

lo hi a man a inang tho a ni.

A Favang rah kan tih hi Mizote hian

kan mal ]hin tak naa, a kum tawpah chuan a

kungin kan sat ta vak ]hin a, chu chu kan

dahro mai ]hin a ni a. Mahse, a ro ta tiha kan

han thin ]ilh hian a hnahro leh a ]angro nen

a rah hmin leh hminlo nen a inpawlh sawp

ta chiam ]hin hi a changkang lova, a hralhna

man pawhin a hniam phah nasa hle ]hin a ni.

Hei hi sim tur a ni. Bawlhhlawh tel lova seng

kan tum tlat anga hralh pawh kan hralh to

phah dawn a ni.

- 29 - -

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

HMARCHATE TIHRO DAN THA :

Hmarchate kan lawh hi a ro sam nan

ti a Tuisa a kan thlak hi hmarchate ]hatna

tichhe chiamtu a ni a. Kan chhum a, chumi

hnua nisaa kan pho leh hian hengte hi kan

tichhe nasa hle a ni. (1) A rawng ]hatna (2) A

rim tuina (3) A thak ]hatna (4) A hriak paite

hi tuiso leh nisa in nasa takin min lakbo sak

]hin a ni.

Hmarchate tihro ]hat dan ber chu

chhum lohva ur ro (Meikhu tellova ur ro) hi

a ni a. Chutianga Ur rona chu siam a harsa

lem lo hle a ni. A dawt leh tu chu chhum

hlum lova nisa a phoro tur a ni mai a. Chu

chu Ruah leh Daiin a tlak huh loh nan zanah

khuh hul emaw leh Ruah a sur pawha hmun

hula dah hul daih tur a ni.

Hmarchate leh Thlai dangte tihro ngai

apiang tihro thuai thuai a nih theih nan

‘Curing House’ tihrona Inte siam ve ]heuh

mai tur a ni. Hetiang hi kan neih chuan

Hmarchate chu darkar tlem te chhungin a ro

mai thei a ni. Hetianga kan tihro hian

Hmarchate rawng a mawi bik a, a ro dan a

dik a, a thil ]ha neihte pawh a chhe ve lo

bawk. Kum tina Hmarchate chin tumte

chuan ram huanah emaw Inah emaw

‘Curring House’ tihrona Inte a dung feet 6’ a

vang feet 4’ leka zau, a bang dap emaw lei

zut emaw, a chung Rangva emaw Dap emaw

nise, a chhungah chhuar i siam ang a, chhuat

atan Plainsheet chhah chi hmang la, a

hnuaiah thuk i siam ang a, meikhu chhuahna

(chimney) i siam bawk ang a, boruak

chhuahna kua te takte a bangah i siam bawk

ang.

Hetiang ang Thuk ]ha hi i siam duh chuan

min rawn hrilh la kan lo zirtir dawn che nia.

HMARCHATE SAWISAK HLUT DAN :

Hmarchate i nei a, man sang taka i hralh duh

chuan hetiang hian tih tur a ni e :-

1. A hnun thlawn rawh le, a harsa lem lo; i

phoro chhung khan i thlang zo vek hman

ang. Chu chu Grade-I a ni ang a, Rs. 100/- aia

tlem in i hralh lovang.

2. A Tai ]ha lo leh a dum leh a var te, a

hnahrote, a ]angro te paih vek rawh, a hnun

i thlawn loh pawhin Grade-II a ni ang a, Rs.

70-80/- in i hralh thei ang.

- Hmarchate sawisak hlut nan khawl a

ngai lova, mahni kuta sawisak hlut tur a

ni mai.

- Hmarchate sawisak hlut loh kha kg. ah

Rs. 30-40/- a i hralh ai chuan sawisa hlu

in Rs. 100/- aia tamin hralh rawh.

- Hmarchate ching uar la, a lawh dan dik

leh a tihro dan ]ha in tiro la, sawisa hlu

la hausak pui ngei tum teh.

- 30 - -

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

OFFICE OF LONG TERM USE OF ORANGE AND INORGANIC MANURES ON

SUSTAINABLE CROP PRODUCTION

Dr. K. Laxminarayana

ICAR, Kolasib

Rice is the major staple food crop in Mizoram and occupies an area of 68,392 ha with a

production of 1,10,189 t. The total fertilizer consumption in the stale is very low (0.68, 0.74 and

0.48 thousand tones of N, P

2

O

5

and K

2

O, respectively) as compared to other north eastern

states. Fertilizers being costly inputs and their limited usage on different crops reduces the crop

yields. Low and imbalance use of inorganic chemical fertilizers, high intensity rainfall, soil

erosion, acidity and other associated problems leads to low crop productivity in this region.

Even though the organic manures avai lable in huge quantities, their utilization by farming

community is low due to lack of awareness. The studies were conducted at ICAR Research

Complex, Kolasib in order to know the long term effect of different organic manures and

inorganic manures on yield performance of paddy and groundnut.

A field experiment was laid for four

consecutive seasons i.e. 1998, 1999, 2000,

and 2001. The trial was conducted in three

replications in a RBD with 12 treatments

(50% NPK, 100% NPK, 150% NPK, 100% N,

100% NP, 100% NPR + FYM @ 15t/ha,

100% NPK + Poultry manure @ 5t/ha,

100% NPK + Pig manure @ 5t/ha, 100%

NPK -t- ZnS0

4

@ 20 kg/ha, 100% NPK +

green manure @ 5t/ha, 100% NPK + PSB

inoculation and control. An optimum

fertilizer dose of 100-60-40 kg N, P

2

O

5

and

K

2

O ha

-1

was followed.

The results revealed that highest

grain yield was recorded in three

consecutive seasons (1998, 99 and 2000)

with combined application of optimum dose

of NPK and poultry manure @ 5t/ha

followed by 100% NPK + pig manure @

5t/ha and 100% NPK + FYM @ 15t/ha.

However, during 2001 season highest grain

yield was recorded with the application of

100% NPK and green manure @ 5t/ha

followed by 100% NPK + F YM @15t/ha.

The grain yield was increased significantly

with the balanced application of NPK than

the single nutrient application and higher

than the recommended doses of NPK

application diminishing the grain yields,

emphasizing the need for balanced

fertilization. The addition of Zn besides NPK

application does not show any significant

effect on grains yield of rice which might be

due to available Zn in the soil is sufficient to

meet the crop requirement.

The addition of different organic

manures improves the soil physico-chemical

properties and available nutrient pool of the

- 31 - -

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

soil thus enhances the crop yields. Decomposition of organic manures releases C0

2

, dissolved in

water and formed to carbonic acid, which is capable of decomposing certain primary minerals,

enhances nutrient uptake and crop yields. The organic materials fom chelates with the essential

nutrients and reduces their availability of nutrients to the crop. In conclusion, integrated use of

organic manures and balanced application of inorganic chemical fertilizers produces highest

and sustainable crop yields for a longer time and maintains the soil fertility and productivity.

Balanced fertilization not only enhances the crop yields and soil fertility but also saves the

fertilizer cost.

Table 1: Effect of integrated used of organic and inorganic manures on Paddy

Treatment

1998-1999

1999-2000

2000-2001

2001-2002

Grain

Straw

Grain

Straw

Grain

Straw

Grain

Straw

yield

---------------------------------- q ha

-1

---------------------------------------

1.

50% NPK

48.53

88.33

46.79

112.27

36.99

110.4

55.78

109.26

2.

100% NPK

52.17

110.00

47.71

109.74

41.11

123.00

64.15

124.07

3.

150% NPK

50.83

120.00

46.30

110.64

40.88

131.20

67.40

109.26

4.

100% N

45.00

98.33

42.09

97.47

35.47

95.44

62.20

88.89

5.

100% NP

50.13

100.00

44.23

101.56

38.32

112.63

63.20

127.78

6.

100% NPK-FYM@15t/ha

52.73

140.00

48.58

114.87

48.97

133.00

70.37

137.04

7.

100% NPK +

57.53

145.00

51.30

118.74

49.60

134.41

68.96

124.07

t/ha Poultry manure

8.

100% NPK

53.73

100.00

49.26

111.17

47.58

127.00

67.48

107.41

@5t/ha + Pig manure

9.

100% NPK + ZnS0

4

49.73

125.00

47.16

109.30

40.86

129.30

67.47

120.37

@ 20kg/ha

10.

100% NPK@5t/ha

-

74.66

155.56

+ Green manure

11.

100% NPK

-

66.91

114.81

+ PSB inoculation

12.

Control

42.77

70.00

39.71

72.27

28.06

87.05

53.24

100.00

Mean

50.32

109.67

46.31

105.80

40.78

118.34

65.15

118.21

Effect of Integrated use of organic and inorganic manures on groundnut

Field experiments were conducted for three consecutive seasons i.e. 1999, 2000 and

2001 in three replications in a RBD with 14 treatments viz. 50% NPK, 100% NPR, 150% NPK,

100% N, 100% NP, FYM @ 15t/ha, 100% NPK + FYM@ 15t/ha, Poultry manure@5t/ha, 100%

NPK + poultry manure @ 5t/ha, pig manure @ 5t/ha, 100% NPK + pig manure @ 5t/ha,

Rhizobium inoculation, 100% NPK + Rhizobium and control. An optimum dose (100% NPK ) of

80-60-40 kg N, P

2

O

5

and K

2

O ha

-1

was followed. The organic manures were applied well in

advance of sowing of the crop. Entire doses of P&K at basal and N in three split doses (

𝟏

𝟐

at

basal,

𝟏

𝟒

at 30 DAS and

𝟏

𝟐

at mid flowering stages) were applied. The pod and haulm yields

were recorded at harvest and the collected plant samples were analysed for nutrient uptake.

- 32 - -

AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

Table 2: Effcet of integrated use of organic and inorganic manure on groundnut

Treatment

1999-2000

2000-2001

2001-2002

Pod

Haulm

Pod

Haulm

Pod

Haulm

yield

------------------------- q ha

-1

---------------------------

1.

50% NPK

10.55

8.97

14.28

26.61

16.23

27.44

2.

100% NPK

14.45

10.73

18.52

33.25

19.24

30.42

3.

150% NPK

15.48

11.50

19.09

34.84

16.31

31.36

4.

100% N

-

13.92

26.49

5.

100% NP

-

15.03

27.18

6.

FYM@5t/ha

13.31

9.08

14.47

26.92

18.52

29.44

7.

100% NPK + FYM @5t/ha

20.40

13.67

22.25

33.67

24.03

33.87

8.

Poultry manure @5t/ha

12.84

9.48

13.53

25.89

17.69

28.33

9.

100% NPK@5t/ha Poultry manure

19.27

14.62

20.59

30.01

22.68

33.27

10.

Pig manure @ 5t/ha

12.80

8.26

14.31

24.86

19.20

29.72

11.

100% NPK Pig manure + @5t/ha

17.90

12.30

20.02

29.97

23.87

32.84

12.

Rizobium inoculation

-

17.67

28.24

13.

100% NPK + Rizobium

-

22.08

31.64

14.

Control

7.20

6.74

12.19

20.91

15.61

25.70

Mean

14.42

10.54

16.93

28.69

18.72

29.71

The results showed that the highest pod yield and haulm yield were recorded with the

combined application of 100% NPK + F YM @ 15t/ha and closely followed by 100% NPK +

poultry manure@5t/ha and 100% NPK + Pig manure@5t/ha.However, Rhizobium inoculation

also showed good responsein comparison to the application of 50% NPK. Application of single

nutrient (N and NP) resulted lower pod yield than the balanced application of 50% of

recommended dose of NPK. It was found that application of organic manures without any

chemical fertilizers has produced higher pod and haulm yields than the application of 50% NPK.

In conclusion, the conjunctive use of organic manures and balanced use of inorganic

chemical fertilizers produced highest and sustainable crop yields and improves the soil fertility

and productivity.

Future outlook

 Research on use of organic manures with and without combination of inorganic manures on

different crops has to be studied at various locations.

 Awareness among the farmers is to be created about the organic farming by conducting

field demonstrations / seminars / workshops etc.

 The ill effects of chemical fertilizers and need of balanced fertilization is to be made aware

among the fanning community.

 Training of progressive farmers from different villages on the adoption of modem

technologies is needed.

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AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

 Soil testing is very much essential for nutritional disorders and deficiencies and to

enhanced the fertility status.

 To minimize the expenditure on fertilizers usage of organic manure and bio-fertilizers for

enhancing crop productivity is needed.

‘A’ PROMOTION ETC.

1. Pu C. Thansanga; Officiating Promotion Jt. Director (LUB) chu Joint Director (LUB) ah dah

ngheh (regularised) a ni a, kan lawmpui em em a ni.

2. Pu K. Cholo, Officiating, Promotion a Deputy Director (Soil Survey) pawh Deputy Dirctor

(Soil Survey) ah dah ngheh (tegularised) a ni ta bawk a, kan lawmpui em em a ni.

3. Pu C. Lalzarliana, AEO chu SDAO, ah a kaisang a, kan lawmpui em em a, SDAO Tlabung-ah

post a ni.

4. Pi R.S. Lianchhungi, LDC, DAO, Kolasib Office a thawk chu U.D.C ah a kaisang a, kan

lawmpui em em a, D.A.O Office, Lunglei ah post a ni.

B. TRANSFER & POSTING:

Sl. No.

Name & Designation

Place of Transfer & Posting

1

Pu C. Lalengzauva, SMS (Agro)

ASSO, Directorate of Agriculture

DAO, Aizawl West Office, Aizawl.

(Crop Husbandry & Minor Irrigation)

2

Pu V.O. Ooppay, Assistant,

Assistant, P & E Department

Directorate of Agriculture, Aizawl.

‘C’ PENSION:

l) Pu V.P. Vuana, Joint Director of Agriculture chuan Ni 1.4.2003 a]angin pension in min

chhuahsan ta. Pu V.P. Vuana, Joint Director of Agriculture pension ta hi Agriculture Department

dintute zinga sawi theih, a kul a taia inhmang leh hotu dinhmun a ding ]hin a ni.

Ni 31.3.2003 (1:00 PM – 3:00 PM) khan Agriculture Conference Hall, Aizawl-ah AGOSA te

leh Agriculture Department a]ang a pensioner eng emaw zat leh a ]henrual ]ha te nen ropui tak

in pension thlahna programme hman ho a ni.

KEI MAH NI

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AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

‘D’ PAWIMAWH DANG:

l. Ni 28.2.2003 khan Pu Aichhinga, Minister of Agriculture etc. chuan Champhai ah D.A.O

Office Building a hawng (inaugurated) ta a. Pu Lalrinliana, DAO, Aizawl East District, Aizawl

chuan a hna bakah DAO, Champhai hna hi thu leh awm hma chuan a hmui kawp dawn a ni.

2. M.I.P tluang taka kalpui zel a ni a, pawisa pawh Farmer hote hnenah an hnathawh phu ang

tawk zela pek chhunzawm zel a ni. Govt. of lndia in M.I.P pawisa atana a rawn pek Rs. 15.00

Crores pawh sanction peih fel a, draw in, Farmer te hnenah sem chhunzawm zel tur a ni dawn a

ni.

3. Ni 11

th

February, 2003 khan State Guest House, Aizawl-ah Central a]anga lo kal hotute,

North East States a]anga lo kal hotu ten Zonal Conference on Agril. lnputs for Kharif, 2003

hlawhtling takin an nei a. He Zonal Conference hi Mizoram ah an neih vawikhatna a ni.

4. Agriculture Department leh Horticulture Department te ]angtlangin Ni 13

th

– 14

th

March,

2003 khan Horticulture Office Buildifig-ah CHAPCHARKUT EXHIBITION-2003 hlawhtling taka

neih a ni.

5. Ni 25-26.3.2003 khan MIPEA huaihawt in Synod Conference Hall, Aizawl ah ‘SEMINAR ON

AGRI-EXPO’ neih a ni a. R.B.I hotute resource person ah hmangin, Sawrkar Officials, Farmers leh

he lam a tui mi ]hahnem takte chuan he Seminar hi hlawhtling takin an nei a ni.

6. Govt. of India leh Mizoram Sawrkar, Agriculture Department te bul tumin hetiang hian

Exchange Visit neih a ni.

1) Functionaries:

a) Haryana 5.3.2003 - 19.3.2003 - 10 Nos.

b) Sikkim 6.3.2003 - 20.3.2003 - 10 Nos.

c) NewDelhi 24.2.2003 - 10.3.2003 - 10 Nos.

2) Farmers:

a) New Delhi 4.3.2003 - 18.3.2003 - 20 Nos.

b) Sikkim 1.3.2003 - 15.3.2003 - 20 Nos.

c) HimachalPradesh 17.3.2003 - 31.3.2003 - 20 Nos.

d) AndraPradesh 6.3.2003 - 20.3.2003 - 20 Nos.

e) Punjab 11.3.2003 - 25.3.2003 - 20 Nos.

3) Krishi Expo:

NewDe1hi 10.3.2003 - 21.3.2003 - 40 nos. offamers

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AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003

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AGRI MAG ZORAM LONEITU JAN. – MARCH 2003